Shloka 48

Devanagari script

तैश्व मुक्ताउ्छरान्‌ भीष्मो युधि सत्यपराक्रम:

Transliteration

taiś ca muktoccharān bhīṣmo yudhi satyaparākramaḥ

Translation

संजय बोले—युद्ध में सत्यपराक्रमी भीष्म ने उन छोड़े हुए बाणों का प्रत्युत्तर अपने बाणों से दिया और क्षत्रिय-धर्म के अनुरूप धैर्यपूर्वक डटे रहे।

Word by Word

• तैः: by them (by those)
• तैः: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: masculine/neuter, instrumental, plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• मुक्तान्: released, discharged
• मुक्तान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मुच् (क्त)
• Form: masculine, accusative, plural

• उच्छरान्: arrows (as read in the given text: uच्छरान्)
• उच्छरान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: उच्छर
• Form: masculine, accusative, plural

• भीष्मः: Bhishma
• भीष्मः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीष्म
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• युधि: in battle
• युधि: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: युध्
• Form: feminine, locative, singular

• सत्यपराक्रमः: of true valor / truly valiant
• सत्यपराक्रमः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सत्य-पराक्रम
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Bhīṣma
• arrows
• battlefield (yudhi)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights kṣatriya-dharma in action: steadfast performance of one’s role in war, marked by proven courage and disciplined resolve rather than wavering or self-indulgent violence.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that Bhīṣma, renowned for unfailing prowess, discharges arrows in the midst of battle—an image of the commander actively engaging and pressing the fight.