Shloka 31
Devanagari script
ततः स राक्षस: क्रुद्ध: सम्प्राप्यैवार्जुनिं रणे । नातिदूरे स्थितां तस्य द्रावयामास वै चमूम्
Transliteration
tataḥ sa rākṣasaḥ kruddhaḥ samprāpyāivārjuniṁ raṇe | nātidūre sthitāṁ tasya drāvayāmāsa vai camūm ||
Translation
तत्पश्चात् क्रोध से भरा हुआ वह राक्षस रण में अर्जुन-पुत्र के पास पहुँचकर, उससे अधिक दूर न खड़ी हुई उसकी सेना को भगाने लगा।
Word by Word
ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राक्षसःthe demon (rakshasa)
राक्षसः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराक्षस
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्रुद्धःangry
क्रुद्धः:
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रुध्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सम्प्राप्यhaving reached
सम्प्राप्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-प्र-आप्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अर्जुनिम्Arjuni (Abhimanyu)
अर्जुनिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुनि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
अतिदूरेat no great distance, not far away
अतिदूरे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootअतिदूर
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
स्थिताम्standing, stationed
स्थिताम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootस्था
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
तस्यof him, his
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
द्रावयामासcaused to flee, drove away
द्रावयामास:
TypeVerb
Rootद्रु (द्रावयति)
FormPerfect (Periphrastic), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
वैindeed (emphatic particle)
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
चमूम्army, host
चमूम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootचमू
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
SañjayaR
rākṣasa (unnamed)A
Abhimanyu (Arjuna’s son)C
camū (army)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse highlights how krodha (anger) quickly becomes destructive action in war—routing troops and escalating violence—implying the ethical need for self-control and steadiness even amid extreme conflict.
An enraged rākṣasa closes in on Abhimanyu during the battle and begins to scatter Abhimanyu’s nearby forces, creating immediate tactical pressure around him.