Mahabharata — Anushasana Parva, Shloka 2
Devanagari script
मदस्यास्यमनुप्राप्ता यदा सेन्द्रा दिवौकस: । तदैव च्यवनेनेह हृता तेषां वसुन्धरा
Transliteration
madasyāsyam anuprāptā yadā sendrā divaukasaḥ | tadaiva cyavaneneha hṛtā teṣāṃ vasundharā ||
Translation
जब इन्द्र सहित समस्त देवता मद (अहंकार/मदिरा-तुल्य उन्माद) के मुख में जा पड़े थे, उसी समय यहाँ च्यवन मुनि ने उनके पृथ्वी-राज्य का अधिकार छीन लिया।
Word by Word
मदस्यof Mada (a daitya/being named Mada)
मदस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमद
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
आस्यम्mouth
आस्यम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआस्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अनुप्राप्ताःhaving entered/come into
अनुप्राप्ताः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-प्र-आप्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
यदाwhen
यदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
सेन्द्राःtogether with Indra
सेन्द्राः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootस-इन्द्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
दिवौकसःthe dwellers of heaven (gods)
दिवौकसः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदिवौकस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
च्यवनेनby Cyavana (the sage)
च्यवनेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootच्यवन
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
इहhere/in this world
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
हृताwas taken away
हृता:
TypeVerb
Rootहृ
Formक्त (past passive participle), Feminine, Nominative, Singular
तेषाम्of them/their
तेषाम्:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
वसुन्धराthe earth/land
वसुन्धरा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवसुन्धरा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Characters & Entities
B
BhishmaI
IndraD
Divaukasaḥ (the gods)M
Mada (personified pride/intoxication)C
CyavanaV
Vasundharā (the earth)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
Even the gods lose their rightful power when overcome by mada (pride/intoxication); ethical restraint and humility are necessary for maintaining authority, and ascetic merit can check divine arrogance.
Bhishma recalls a moment when the gods, led by Indra, became ensnared by Mada; simultaneously, the sage Cyavana, through his spiritual power, stripped them of their control over the earth.