Mahabharata — Anushasana Parva, Shloka 91
Rudra-Śiva: Names, Two Natures, and the Logic of Epithets (रुद्रनाम-बहुरूपत्व-प्रकरणम्)
Devanagari script
उमोवाच गार्हस्थ्यो मोक्षधर्मक्ष सज्जनाचरितस्त्वया । भाषितो जीवलोकस्य मार्ग: श्रेयस्करो महान्
Translation
उमा बोलीं—भगवन्! आपने सत्पुरुषों द्वारा आचरित गार्हस्थ्य-धर्म और मोक्ष-धर्म का वर्णन किया है। ये दोनों ही जीव-लोक के लिए महान् कल्याणकारी, श्रेयस्कर मार्ग हैं।
Word by Word
उमाUmā
उमा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउमा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid/spoke
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
गार्हस्थ्यःthe householder-dharma (as a topic)
गार्हस्थ्यः:
TypeNoun
Rootगार्हस्थ्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मोक्षधर्मःthe dharma of liberation
मोक्षधर्मः:
TypeNoun
Rootमोक्षधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
सज्जनाचरितःpractised/observed by good people
सज्जनाचरितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसज्जन-आचरित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्वयाby you
त्वया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
FormMasculine/Feminine, Instrumental, Singular
भाषितःspoken/expounded
भाषितः:
TypeVerb
Rootभाष्
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
जीवलोकस्यof the world of living beings
जीवलोकस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootजीवलोक
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
मार्गःpath/way
मार्गः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमार्ग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
श्रेयस्करःbringing welfare/benefit
श्रेयस्करः:
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रेयस्-कर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महान्great
महान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
श्रीमहेश्वर उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes