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Mahabharata — Anushasana Parva, Shloka 102

Ahiṃsā as Threefold Restraint (Mind–Speech–Action) and the Ethics of Consumption

अयो हत्वा तु दुर्बद्धिवायसो जायते नर: । कांस्य हृत्वा तु दुर्बुद्धिहारितो जायते नर:,लोहेकी चोरी करनेवाला मूर्ख मानव कौवा होता है। काँसकी चोरी करके खोटी बुद्धिवाला मनुष्य हारीत नामक पक्षी होता है

ayō hatvā tu durbuddhi-vāyaso jāyate naraḥ | kāṁsyaṁ hṛtvā tu durbuddhi-hārito jāyate naraḥ ||

लोहे की चोरी करने वाला खोटी बुद्धि का मनुष्य कौवे की योनि में जन्म लेता है। और काँसे (कांस्य) की चोरी करने वाला खोटी बुद्धि का मनुष्य ‘हारीत’ नामक पक्षी बनता है।

अयःiron
अयः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअयस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
हत्वाhaving stolen/taken away
हत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा), Active
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
दुर्बुद्धिof bad intellect, foolish
दुर्बुद्धि:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर्बुद्धि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वायसःa crow
वायसः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवायस
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जायतेis born/becomes
जायते:
TypeVerb
Rootजन्
FormPresent, Ātmanepada, Third, Singular
नरःa man
नरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कांस्यंbell-metal/bronze
कांस्यं:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकांस्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
हृत्वाhaving stolen/taken away
हृत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootहृ
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा), Active
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
दुर्बुद्धिःbad intellect; foolishness (as a descriptor)
दुर्बुद्धिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्बुद्धि
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
हारितःa hārita (a kind of bird, greenish/yellowish)
हारितः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootहारित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जायतेis born/becomes
जायते:
TypeVerb
Rootजन्
FormPresent, Ātmanepada, Third, Singular
नरःa man
नरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
I
iron (ayas)
B
bell-metal (kāṁsya)
C
crow (vāyasa)
H
Hārita (bird)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that theft rooted in corrupt moral discernment (durbuddhi) produces adverse karmic results, including lower rebirths. It frames ethical causality: wrongful acquisition leads to degradation, and specific acts are said to correspond to specific outcomes.

In Anuśāsana Parva’s dharma-instruction context, Yudhiṣṭhira is speaking about the consequences of unethical acts. Here he cites traditional karmic correspondences: stealing iron leads to rebirth as a crow, and stealing bell-metal leads to rebirth as a bird called hārita.