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Shloka 57

Kāraṇa-vyākhyā: Cosmic Agents, Rudra-Forms, Sense-Purity, and Ānanda-Tāratamya

Devanagari script

स्तूद्दैव चौर्वो विष्णुपादारविदं स्मृत्वास्मृत्वा रुद्धकण्ठो बभूव / ते पापिष्ठाः पापरूपान्भजन्तो दिनेदिने दुर्विषयान्कदिन्द्रियैः

Transliteration

stūddaiva caurvo viṣṇupādāravidaṃ smṛtvāsmṛtvā ruddhakaṇṭho babhūva / te pāpiṣṭhāḥ pāparūpānbhajanto dinedine durviṣayānkadindriyaiḥ

Translation

तब चोर मानो दैव की स्तुति करता हुआ, विष्णु के चरण-कमलों को बार-बार स्मरण करने लगा; स्मरण करते-करते उसका कण्ठ भाव से रुद्ध हो गया। पर वे परम पापी, अपने पापों के अनुरूप रूप धारण कर, दिन-प्रतिदिन दुष्ट इन्द्रियों से हानिकारक विषयों के पीछे दौड़ते हैं।

Word by Word
स्तुत्having praised / praised
स्तुत्:
क्रियाविशेषण (manner)
TypeVerb
Rootस्तु (धातु)
Formक्त (past passive participle) नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग प्रथमा एकवचन; here used adverbially with 'दैव' (textual: स्तूद्दैव)
दैवthe divine (deity)
दैव:
कर्म/सम्बन्ध (contextual)
TypeNoun
Rootदैव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; here as 'the deity/divine' (textual sandhi)
चand
च:
समुच्चय
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (conjunction)
और्वःAurva
और्वः:
कर्ता
TypeNoun
Rootऔर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
विष्णु-पाद-अरविन्दम्the lotus-feet of Viṣṇu
विष्णु-पाद-अरविन्दम्:
कर्म (object of स्मृत्वा)
TypeNoun
Rootविष्णु (प्रातिपदिक) + पाद (प्रातिपदिक) + अरविन्द (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (genitive determinative: 'lotus of Viṣṇu's feet'); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन
स्मृत्वाhaving remembered
स्मृत्वा:
पूर्वकाल
TypeVerb
Rootस्मृ (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund)
स्मृत्वाhaving remembered again and again
स्मृत्वा:
पूर्वकाल
TypeVerb
Rootस्मृ (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund) (repetition for emphasis)
रुद्ध-कण्ठःwith choked throat
रुद्ध-कण्ठः:
विशेषण (of Aurva)
TypeAdjective
Rootरुद्ध (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, रुध् धातु) + कण्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय (descriptive: 'choked-throated'); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
बभूवbecame
बभूव:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
Formलिट् (perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
तेthey
ते:
कर्ता
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन
पापिष्ठाःmost sinful
पापिष्ठाः:
विशेषण (of ते)
TypeAdjective
Rootपापिष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक; superlative of पाप)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; विशेषण
पाप-रूपान्sinful forms
पाप-रूपान्:
कर्म (object of भजन्तः)
TypeNoun
Rootपाप (प्रातिपदिक) + रूप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष (determinative: 'sin-forms'); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन
भजन्तःindulging in, resorting to
भजन्तः:
कर्ता (agent participle)
TypeVerb
Rootभज् (धातु)
Formशतृ (present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन
दिनेin a day
दिने:
अधिकरण (time-locative)
TypeNoun
Rootदिन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन
दिनेday by day
दिने:
अधिकरण (time)
TypeNoun
Rootदिन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन (repetition: day by day)
दुर्विषयान्evil sense-objects
दुर्विषयान्:
कर्म (object of implied 'pursue')
TypeNoun
Rootदुर् (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + विषय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन; 'दुर्-' as prefix meaning bad/difficult
कद्-इन्द्रियैःwith wretched senses
कद्-इन्द्रियैः:
करण (instrument/means)
TypeNoun
Rootकद् (अव्यय/उपसर्गार्थ) + इन्द्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष (determinative: 'wretched senses'); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन
Speaker

Lord Vishnu (narrating to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Smaraṇa of Viṣṇu’s lotus-feet transforms the heart; sin (pāpa) externalizes as degraded tendencies/forms, driving repeated harmful viṣaya-seeking.

Vedantic Theme: Māyā-driven identification with pāpa-vāsanā; bhakti-smṛti as purifying counter-current leading toward sattva and liberation-readiness.

Application: Practice nāma-smaraṇa and pāda-sevā-bhāva (reverent remembrance of the Lord’s feet) when cravings surge; replace harmful habits with devotional routines.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana: Viṣṇu-smaraṇa as purifier and protector (common refrain across devotional sections); Continuation of māyā/viṣaya critique culminating in 3.18.59-60

Characters & Entities
V
Vishnu

FAQs

This verse presents remembrance of Viṣṇu’s lotus-feet as a powerful inner turning—so intense it chokes the voice—signaling repentance and spiritual recollection even in a sinful person.

It states that the gravely sinful “assume forms shaped by sin” and repeatedly chase harmful sense-objects, indicating continued bondage to karmic tendencies rather than liberation.

Cultivate daily remembrance of the divine (nāma/smaraṇa) and restrain harmful sense-indulgence; otherwise, habits harden into karmic patterns that keep pulling the mind toward destructive objects.

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