Shloka 21

Arśa-nidāna: Causes, Prodrome, Doṣa-types, and Complications of Hemorrhoids

Devanagari script

एतान्येव विवर्धन्ते जातेष्वहतनामसु / निवर्तमानो मानो हि तैरधोमार्गरोधतः

Transliteration

etānyeva vivardhante jāteṣvahatanāmasu / nivartamāno māno hi tairadhomārgarodhataḥ

Translation

अहत (अनसुने) नामों के साथ जन्मे प्राणियों में ये ही विकार बढ़ते जाते हैं। क्योंकि लौटता हुआ मान (अहंकार) इनसे अधोमार्ग के रुद्ध होने के कारण रोक दिया जाता है।

Word by Word

• एतानि: these (things)
• एतानि: Karta (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम

• एव: indeed / only
• एव: Sambandha (Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: निश्चय/अवधारणार्थक अव्यय (emphatic particle)

• विवर्धन्ते: increase / grow
• विवर्धन्ते: Kriyā (Action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि + वर्ध् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन; आत्मनेपद

• जातेषु: when arisen / in those born
• जातेषु: Adhikaraṇa (Location/condition)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जात (कृदन्त, क्त; √जन्)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, सप्तमी (7th), बहुवचन; भूतकृदन्त used adjectivally

• अहत: unstruck / uninjured
• अहत: Viśeṣaṇa (in compound)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ + हत (कृदन्त, क्त; √हन्)
• Form: समासपूर्वपद; ‘अनाहत’ अर्थे

• नामसु: in the names / in name(s)
• नामसु: Adhikaraṇa (Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नामन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), बहुवचन

• अहतनामसु: in (those) with uninjured/untouched names
• अहतनामसु: Adhikaraṇa (Condition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अहत + नामसु (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, बहुवचन; कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष: ‘अहतानि नामानि’ (uninjured/untouched names)

• जातेषु-अहतनामसु: when they arise in those with untouched names
• जातेषु-अहतनामसु: Adhikaraṇa (Condition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जातेषु + अहतनामसु (पदसमुच्चय)
• Form: सप्तमी-बहुवचन द्वयम्; सप्तमीसप्तमी-संबन्धः (locative absolute-like condition)

• निवर्तमानः: turning back / being obstructed
• निवर्तमानः: Karta (Agent) / Viśeṣaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नि + वृत् (धातु) → निवर्तमान (कृदन्त, शतृ)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; वर्तमानकृदन्त

• मानः: pride / (here) vital force/measure (contextual)
• मानः: Karta (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• हि: indeed / for
• हि: Sambandha (Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: हेतौ/निश्चये अव्यय (particle: for/indeed)

• तैः: by them
• तैः: Karaṇa (Instrument/agentive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम

• अधः: downward
• अधः: Viśeṣaṇa (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अधः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; दिशावाचक/क्रियाविशेषण (adverb of direction)

• मार्ग: path / passage
• मार्ग: Sambandha (in compound)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मार्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासमध्यपद

• रोधतः: due to obstruction
• रोधतः: Hetu (Cause)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: रोध (प्रातिपदिक; √रुध् से भाव)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th), एकवचन; अव्ययीभावे प्रयोगः—‘रोधतः’ = ‘रोधकारणात्’ (due to obstruction)

• अधोमार्गरोधतः: due to blockage of the downward passage
• अधोमार्गरोधतः: Hetu (Cause)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अधः + मार्ग + रोधतः (समास/सन्धि)
• Form: पञ्चमी-प्रयोगः; तत्पुरुष: ‘अधोमार्गस्य रोधतः’ (due to obstruction of the downward passage)

Speaker

Lord Viṣṇu (in discourse to Garuḍa/Vainateya)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Afflictions function as a corrective to māna (pride), forcing inward turning and recognition of limitation.

Vedantic Theme: ahaṅkāra-nigraha (subduing ego) and vairagya through duhkha

Application: Use setbacks and illness to cultivate humility, patience, and inquiry into the self beyond the body; reduce ego-driven pursuits.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana: repeated motif that suffering restrains arrogance and redirects the jiva (thematic)

Characters & Entities

• Viṣṇu
• Garuḍa

FAQs

What is the importance of māna (pride) in the Garuda Purana?

This verse treats pride as a force that gets “checked” through obstructive consequences, implying that arrogance itself becomes a cause of decline and suffering unless restrained by dharmic awareness.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul or moral trajectory?

By speaking of an “adhaḥ-mārga” (downward path), it frames ethical and spiritual life as directional: ego-driven tendencies push one toward decline, while obstacles and reversals can serve as corrective checks.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Watch for pride in speech and conduct; cultivate humility, accountability, and dharmic self-restraint so that ego does not lead to harmful choices and a downward moral trajectory.