Shloka 16

Madātyaya Nidāna and Lakṣaṇa: Liquor’s Qualities, Tridoṣa Presentations, and Fainting Signs

Devanagari script

ध्वंसकश्लेष्मनिष्ठिवाः कण्ठशोषो ऽतिनिद्रता / शब्दासहत्वं तच्चित्तविक्षेपो ऽङ्गे हि वातरुक्

Transliteration

dhvaṃsakaśleṣmaniṣṭhivāḥ kaṇṭhaśoṣo 'tinidratā / śabdāsahatvaṃ taccittavikṣepo 'ṅge hi vātaruk

Translation

क्षय, कफ और थूक का अधिक होना, कण्ठ का सूखना, अत्यधिक निद्रा, शब्द असह्य होना और चित्त का विक्षेप—तथा अंगों में वातजन्य पीड़ा होती है।

Word by Word

• ध्वंसकश्लेष्मनिष्ठिवाः: destructive phlegm-spitting (expectorations)
• ध्वंसकश्लेष्मनिष्ठिवाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ध्वंसक (प्रातिपदिक) + श्लेष्मन् (प्रातिपदिक) + निष्ठीव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; बहुपद-तत्पुरुष (ध्वंसक-श्लेष्म-निष्ठीवाः: destructive phlegm-spitting)

• कण्ठशोषः: dryness of the throat
• कण्ठशोषः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कण्ठ (प्रातिपदिक) + शोष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (कण्ठस्य शोषः)

• अतिनिद्रता: excessive sleepiness
• अतिनिद्रता: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अति (अव्यय) + निद्रता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; अव्ययीभाव (अति + निद्रता)

• शब्दासहत्वम्: intolerance to sound
• शब्दासहत्वम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शब्द (प्रातिपदिक) + असहत्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (शब्दस्य असहत्वम्)

• तत्: that
• तत्: Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (that)

• चित्तविक्षेपः: distraction of the mind
• चित्तविक्षेपः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चित्त (प्रातिपदिक) + विक्षेप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (चित्तस्य विक्षेपः)

• अङ्गे: in the body/limbs
• अङ्गे: Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/अधिकरण), एकवचन

• हि: indeed, for
• हि: Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (emphatic/causal particle)

• वातरुक्: vāta-pain (pain due to wind)
• वातरुक्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वात (प्रातिपदिक) + रुक् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (वातस्य रुक्)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in dialogue with Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Medical Ayurveda

Dosha: Vata

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Disordered habits that provoke vāta lead to instability of body and mind; steadiness is a moral and spiritual support.

Vedantic Theme: Citta-vikṣepa (mental distraction) obstructs sādhana; cultivating steadiness supports sattva.

Application: Reduce vāta-aggravating behaviors (irregularity, over-stimulation, intoxicants); prioritize sleep hygiene, warmth, and sensory moderation.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.155 (vāta-lakṣaṇa list; intoxication-related pathology)

Characters & Entities

• Vata

FAQs

What is the importance of vāta-related symptoms in the Garuda Purana?

This verse lists recognizable markers of vāta-aggravation—limb pain, mental restlessness, and sensory intolerance—showing that the Purana also preserves practical diagnostic symptom-lists alongside spiritual instruction.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

Indirectly: by describing physical and mental afflictions, it highlights how embodied suffering and disturbed mind-states can obstruct clarity and dharmic living, which in turn influences one’s karmic trajectory.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Use it as a cautionary checklist: if dryness, excessive sleep, noise-intolerance, scattered mind, and limb pain dominate, prioritize stabilizing routines, mindful conduct, and appropriate care to restore balance and support dharma.