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Shloka 69

Prāyaścitta: Catalogue of Sins, Narakas, and Graded Expiations

Kṛcchra–Cāndrāyaṇa–Japa

Devanagari script

तिथिपिण्डांश्चरेद्वृद्ध्या शुक्ले शिख्यण्डसंमितान् / एकैकं ह्रासयेत्कृष्णे पिण्डं चान्द्रायणं चरेत्

Transliteration

tithipiṇḍāṃścaredvṛddhyā śukle śikhyaṇḍasaṃmitān / ekaikaṃ hrāsayetkṛṣṇe piṇḍaṃ cāndrāyaṇaṃ caret

Translation

शुक्ल पक्ष में तिथि-पिण्डों का आचरण बढ़ती मात्रा में करे—प्रत्येक पिण्ड मोरनी के अंडे के बराबर हो। कृष्ण पक्ष में प्रतिदिन एक-एक करके पिण्ड घटाए। इस प्रकार पिण्ड-नियम से चान्द्रायण व्रत करे।

Word by Word
तिथिlunar day (tithi)
तिथि:
Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootतिथि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), बहुवचन — (समासपूर्वपद; ‘of lunar days’)
पिण्डान्balls/lumps (of food)
पिण्डान्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootपिण्ड (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), बहुवचन — accusative plural
चरेत्should perform
चरेत्:
Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootचर् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन — ‘should practice/perform’
वृद्ध्याwith increase / by increasing
वृद्ध्या:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootवृद्धि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन — instrumental singular
शुक्लेin the bright half (waxing fortnight)
शुक्ले:
Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootशुक्ल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन — locative singular; ‘in the bright fortnight’
शिख्यण्डpeacock’s egg
शिख्यण्ड:
Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootशिख्यण्ड (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन — (समासपूर्वपद; ‘of a peacock’s egg’)
संमितान्measured/equal in size
संमितान्:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसम् + मा (धातु) + क्त (कृत्)
Formभूतकृत् (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन — accusative plural; विशेषण of पिण्डान्
एकैकम्one by one
एकैकम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootएक-एक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन — accusative singular; adverbial use ‘one by one’
ह्रासयेत्should reduce / cause to diminish
ह्रासयेत्:
Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootह्रस् (धातु) + णिच्
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; णिच्-प्रयोजक (causative)
कृष्णेin the dark half (waning fortnight)
कृष्णे:
Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootकृष्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन — locative singular; ‘in the dark fortnight’
पिण्डम्a ball/lump (of food)
पिण्डम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootपिण्ड (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन — accusative singular
चान्द्रायणम्Cāndrāyaṇa penance
चान्द्रायणम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootचान्द्रायण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन — accusative singular
चरेत्should perform
चरेत्:
Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootचर् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
चand
च:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)
Speaker

Lord Viṣṇu (in instruction to Garuḍa, Vinatā-putra)

Shraddha Ritual

Timing: Aligned to śukla and kṛṣṇa pakṣa tithis across a lunar month (Cāndrāyaṇa pattern).

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Cāndrāyaṇa: regulated intake/offering synchronized with waxing and waning moon to purify and atone.

Vedantic Theme: R̥ta (cosmic order) reflected in personal conduct; mind becomes sattvic through measured living.

Application: Use cyclical self-regulation (increase/decrease) to train desire; keep measures consistent (egg-sized standard) and follow lunar calendar precisely.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.105.70-71 (completion and mantra/bath details)

FAQs

This verse presents Cāndrāyaṇa as a disciplined, lunar-based observance where the offering/measure is regulated across the fortnight—an expiatory and purificatory practice aligned with dharma.

It uses the technical language of piṇḍa (ritual rice-ball offering) and ties it to a vow-pattern (Cāndrāyaṇa), showing that piṇḍa can function not only in śrāddha contexts but also as a regulated prāyaścitta-style observance.

Follow ritual disciplines under competent guidance: align religious observances with lunar timing, practice moderation and consistency, and treat vows as structured ethical-spiritual training rather than mere formality.

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