Sutra 40
Devanagari script
ततः परेषु कृच्छ्रेणार्थनिश्चयो गम्यते मन्त्रो वा रक्ष्यते ॥ कZ_०१.१५.४० ॥
Transliteration
tataḥ pareṣu kṛcchreṇārthaniścayo gamyate mantro vā rakṣyate
Translation
अतः अन्य लोगों के बीच (अधिक व्यक्तियों के साथ) या तो उद्देश्य का दृढ़ निश्चय कठिनाई से होता है, या परामर्श ही कठिनाई से सुरक्षित रखा जाता है।
Word by Word
ततःthereupon; thereafter; from that (point)
ततः:
TypePronoun (Adverbial)
Rootतद्
Formablative singular (तस्मात्) used adverbially = 'thereupon/thereafter'
परेषुin/among others; in the case of opponents
परेषु:
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootपर
Formlocative plural, masculine/neuter; 'in/among others (i.e., opponents/others)'
कृच्छ्रेणwith difficulty; only with effort
कृच्छ्रेण:
TypeNoun
Rootकृच्छ्र
Forminstrumental singular, neuter; adverbial use
अर्थनिश्चयःascertainment/decision regarding the matter (purpose/interest)
अर्थनिश्चयः:
TypeNoun (compound)
Rootअर्थ + निश्चय
Formnominative singular, masculine; subject of गम्यते
गम्यतेis understood; is ascertained; is arrived at
गम्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
Formpresent tense, passive, 3rd person singular (लट्, कर्मणि)
मन्त्रःcounsel; secret deliberation/plan
मन्त्रः:
TypeNoun
Rootमन्त्र
Formnominative singular, masculine; coordinated alternative subject with अर्थनिश्चयः via वा
वाor
वा:
TypeParticle
Rootवा
Formdisjunctive particle 'or'
रक्ष्यतेis protected; is guarded (kept secret)
रक्ष्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootरक्ष्
Formpresent tense, passive, 3rd person singular (लट्, कर्मणि)
Entities Mentioned
K
kingM
ministers/advisers (implied)FAQs
With more participants, either decision clarity suffers (harder to converge) or secrecy suffers (harder to protect the plan).