Sutra 48
Devanagari script
कूटरूपं कारयतः प्रतिगृह्णतो निर्यापयतो वा सहस्रं दण्डः कोशे प्रक्षिपतो वधः ॥ कZ_०४.१.४८ ॥
Transliteration
kūṭarūpaṃ kārayataḥ pratigṛhṇato niryāpayato vā sahasraṃ daṇḍaḥ kośe prakṣipato vadhaḥ
Translation
जो कूटरूप (जाली सिक्का/धातु-रूप) बनवाता है, या उसे स्वीकार करता है, या चलन में डालता है—उस पर एक हजार (पण) दण्ड है। पर जो उसे राजकोष में जमा करता है, उसके लिए वध (मृत्युदण्ड) है।
Word by Word
कूट-रूपम्a forged/false form (disguise, falsified appearance)
कूट-रूपम्:
TypeNoun (compound)
Rootकूट; रूप
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, द्वितीया (कर्म)
कारयतःof one who causes (it) to be made/done
कारयतः:
TypeVerb (causative participle)
Rootकृ (णिच्)
Formवर्तमाने कृदन्तः (शतृ-प्रत्ययः), परस्मैपदी-प्रयोगः; षष्ठी/सप्तमी?—प्रयोगतः षष्ठी एकवचन (कर्तृ-सम्बन्धे) ‘of one who causes to be made/done’
प्रतिगृह्णतःof one who accepts/receives
प्रतिगृह्णतः:
TypeVerb (present participle)
Rootग्रह् (प्रति-√ग्रह्)
Formवर्तमाने कृदन्तः (शतृ), परस्मैपदी; षष्ठी एकवचन (कर्तृ-सम्बन्धे)
निर्यापयतःof one who causes (something) to be taken out/issued
निर्यापयतः:
TypeVerb (causative participle)
Rootया (निर्-√या) / causative निर्यापय-
Formवर्तमाने कृदन्तः (शतृ), णिच्-प्रयोगः; षष्ठी एकवचन (कर्तृ-सम्बन्धे)
वाor
वा:
TypeParticle
Rootवा
Formविकल्पार्थक-अव्यय (disjunctive ‘or’)
सहस्रम्a thousand (as the amount of the fine)
सहस्रम्:
TypeNoun/Number
Rootसहस्र
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, द्वितीया (दण्ड-विशेषणम्/प्रमाणम्)
दण्डःpunishment; (here) a fine
दण्डः:
TypeNoun
Rootदण्ड
Formपुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा (विधेय)
कोशेin/into the treasury
कोशे:
TypeNoun
Rootकोश
Formपुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, सप्तमी (अधिकरण)
प्रक्षिपतःof one who deposits/puts (it) in
प्रक्षिपतः:
TypeVerb (present participle)
Rootक्षिप् (प्र-√क्षिप्)
Formवर्तमाने कृदन्तः (शतृ), परस्मैपदी; षष्ठी एकवचन (कर्तृ-सम्बन्धे)
वधःexecution; death penalty
वधः:
TypeNoun
Rootवध
Formपुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा (विधेय)
Entities Mentioned
K
kośa (state treasury)C
counterfeiters/handlers (kūṭarūpa actors)FAQs
It directly attacks the state’s fiscal base and monetary authority; corrupting the treasury compromises salaries, procurement, and state capacity—hence a maximal deterrent.
A chain-liability approach: penalize all key nodes in the counterfeit supply chain to prevent ‘plausible deniability’ and reduce market demand for fakes.