Sutra 20

Devanagari script

तस्यातिक्रमे पूर्वः साहसदण्डः प्रतिलोमद्वारवातायनबाधायां च अन्यत्र राजमार्गरथ्याभ्यः ॥ कZ_०३.८.२० ॥

Transliteration

tasyātikrame pūrvaḥ sāhasadaṇḍaḥ pratilomadvāravātāyanabādhāyāṃ ca anyatra rājamārgarathyābhyaḥ

Translation

उस नियम का उल्लंघन करने पर प्रथम-श्रेणी का साहस-दण्ड लगेगा; इसी प्रकार उलटे/अनुचित ढंग से द्वार या खिड़की में बाधा डालने पर भी—परन्तु राजमार्ग और सार्वजनिक गलियों के मामलों में नहीं।

Word by Word

• तस्य: of that (act/violation)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: षष्ठी-एकवचनम् (पुं/नपुं), सर्वनाम; सम्बन्धे

• अतिक्रमे: in the case of transgression/violation
• Type: Noun (action noun)
• Root: अति-क्रम्
• Form: सप्तमी-एकवचनम् (पुं), भाववाचकः; 'अतिक्रम' = उल्लङ्घन/अतिक्रमण

• पूर्वः: the earlier/previous (i.e., the first-mentioned)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: पूर्व
• Form: प्रथमा-एकवचनम् (पुं); विशेषणम्—दण्डस्य

• साहसदण्डः: the sāhasa-penalty (fine for forcible/violent wrongdoing)
• Type: Noun
• Root: साहस + दण्ड
• Form: प्रथमा-एकवचनम् (पुं); दण्डः—साहसस्य (साहस-सम्बद्धः दण्डः)

• प्रतिलोमद्वारवातायनबाधायाम्: in the case of wrongful obstruction/interference regarding doors and windows/openings
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रतिलोम + द्वार + वातायन + बाधा
• Form: सप्तमी-एकवचनम् (स्त्री); '...बाधा' = बाधन/अवरोधन/अतिक्रमण-रूपा बाधा; अधिकरणे

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम्

• अन्यत्र: except (in cases other than)
• Type: Indeclinable (adverb/preposition-like)
• Root: अन्यत्र
• Form: अपवाद/व्यतिरेकवाचक-अव्ययम्

• राजमार्गरथ्याभ्यः: from/with respect to the king’s highway and public streets (i.e., except in those places)
• Type: Noun (dual member compound in plural ablative)
• Root: राजमार्ग + रथ्या
• Form: पञ्चमी-बहुवचनम् (स्त्री/पुं-समाहारः); '...-भ्यः' = अपादान/व्यतिरेक (from/except from)

Entities Mentioned

• state authority
• householders
• rājamārga (royal road)
• rathyā (public street)

More Details

FAQs

Why carve out an exception for royal roads and public streets?

Public right-of-way is a higher-order state interest; rules that apply between private neighbors may be overridden where circulation, security, and state logistics are implicated.