Vamana Purana — Caturmasya Observances, Shloka 40

The Cāturmāsya Observances and the Sleeping–Awakening Cycle of the Gods (Hari–Hara Worship)

Devanagari script

पतमानं समालोक्य पुरं शालकटङ्कटः नमो भवाय शर्वाय इदमुच्चैरुदीरयत्

Transliteration

patamānaṃ samālokya puraṃ śālakaṭaṅkaṭaḥ namo bhavāya śarvāya idamuccairudīrayat

Translation

નગર પડતું જોઈ શાલકટંકટે ઊંચે સ્વરે ઉચ્ચાર્યું—“ભવને નમસ્કાર, શર્વને નમસ્કાર.”

Word by Word

• patamānam: (him) falling
• patamānam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pat (धातु) + शतृ (कृत्)
• Form: कृदन्त (शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकृदन्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘falling’ (object of samālokya)

• samālokya: having seen
• samālokya: Purvakala (पूर्वकाल/absolutive)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam + ā + lok (धातु) + ल्यप् (कृत्)
• Form: अव्ययकृदन्त (ल्यप्/क्त्वान्त), ‘having seen/after observing’

• puram: the city
• puram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pura (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• śālakaṭaṅkaṭaḥ: Śālakaṭaṅkaṭa (name)
• śālakaṭaṅkaṭaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śālakaṭaṅkaṭa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; व्यक्तिनाम (proper name)

• namaḥ: salutation
• namaḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: namas (अव्यय/निपात)
• Form: नमस्कारार्थक अव्यय (indeclinable interjection), governs dative

• bhavāya: to Bhava (Śiva)
• bhavāya: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th/चतुर्थी), एकवचन (dative)

• śarvāya: to Śarva (Śiva)
• śarvāya: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, चतुर्थी, एकवचन (dative)

• idam: this
• idam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन

• uccaiḥ: aloud
• uccaiḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: uccaiḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb: loudly/aloud)

• udīrayat: uttered/said
• udīrayat: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ud + īr (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (imperfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन

Speakers

• Śālakaṭaṅkaṭa (utters the stuti); narrative voice frames the action (overall dialogue layer not explicit in excerpt)

Primary Deities

• Shiva (Bhava)
• Shiva (Śarva)

Key Themes

• Shaivism
• Bhakti (spontaneous remembrance)
• Daitya-Deva Conflict
• Sectarian Harmony (non-exclusive invocation within broader Purāṇic narrative)

Verse Rasa (Emotional Flavour)

{ "primaryRasa": "bhayanaka", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

In moments of collapse and fear, the instinct to take refuge (śaraṇāgati) in the divine is presented as elevating; remembrance of Śiva (Bhava/Śarva) becomes a stabilizing act amid disorder.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana?

Vamśānucarita / narrative episode: a conflict scene punctuated by devotional utterance; it serves didactic ends (bhakti as refuge) within the historical-legendary flow.

What is the symbolic significance?

The falling city symbolizes the fragility of constructed power; the cry ‘namo bhavāya śarvāya’ signals that ultimate sovereignty belongs to the transcendent Lord, and also reflects the Vāmana Purāṇa’s readiness to embed Śaiva devotion within wider Purāṇic storytelling.