विषादग्नेः कुलघ्नानां तया चैवात्मघातिनाम् । दंष्ट्रिभिर्हतदेहानां शृंगिभिश्च सुरेश्वर । प्रेतत्वं जायते नूनं सत्यमेतदसंशयम्
viṣādagneḥ kulaghnānāṃ tayā caivātmaghātinām | daṃṣṭribhirhatadehānāṃ śṛṃgibhiśca sureśvara | pretatvaṃ jāyate nūnaṃ satyametadasaṃśayam
વિષાદની અગ્નિથી દગ્ધ થયેલા, કુલઘાતક તથા આત્મઘાતી; તેમજ દંષ્ટ્રાધારી અને શૃંગધારી પ્રાણીઓ દ્વારા જેમના દેહ હણાયા—હે સુરેશ્વર, તેમને નિશ્ચયે પ્રેતત્વ થાય છે. આ સત્ય છે, નિઃસંદેહ.
Viṣṇu
Listener: Audience of the māhātmya; immediate speakers are within a deva-dialogue
Scene: A liminal cremation-ground vision: afflicted pretas hovering near a śmaśāna, with Indra and the Lord (Madhusūdana) in dialogue, emphasizing compassion and the gravity of viṣāda and transgressive deaths.
Despair, self-harm, and grievous social sin (kulaghna) are portrayed as producing preta-bhāva; Purāṇic dharma urges steadiness, restraint, and protection of life and lineage.
The Adhyāya’s underlying tīrtha frame is Dhārātīrtha, though this verse broadens into general causes of preta-hood.
None explicitly; it is an ethical-doctrinal enumeration of conditions leading to preta-gati.
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