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Mantra 3

Agni kindled as Hotṛ: invoking the gods, securing wealth, and protecting the sacrifice

Rishi: Bharadvāja (uncertain; requires concordance)
Devata: Agni
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; needs verification)
Devanagari Script

राये अग्ने महे त्वा दानाय समिधीमहि ईडिष्वा हि महे वृषं द्यावा होत्राय पृथिवी

Samhita Patha

rāye agne mahe tvā dānāya samidhīmahi īḍiṣvā hi mahe vṛṣaṃ dyāvā hotrāya pṛthivī

Transliteration

rāye1 agne2 mahe3 tvā1 dānāya2 samidhīmahi3 | īḍiṣvā1 hi mahe2 vṛṣaṃ3 dyāvā1 hotrāya2 pṛthivī3

Translation

હે મહાન અગ્નિ, ધન માટે, દાન-પ્રદાન માટે અમે તને પ્રજ્વલિત કરીએ છીએ; તું સ્તુતિ પામ, કારણ કે તું મહાન, બળવાન વૃષભ છે. હોતૃ-સેવા માટે દ્યૌ અને પૃથ્વી (સહાયરૂપે) હાજર રહે.

Pada Patha (Word Analysis)

rāye | agne | mahe | tvā | dānāya | sam-idhīmahi | īḍiṣva | hi | mahe | vṛṣam | dyāvā | hotrāya | pṛthivī

Word by Word
रायेfor wealth / for prosperity
राये:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun
Rootराय् (प्रातिपदिक: राय्/रयि ‘धन, ऐश्वर्य’)
अग्नेO Agni
अग्ने:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
महेto the great (one)
महे:
सम्प्रदान
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत् (प्रातिपदिक)
त्वाyou (as object): you
त्वा:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
दानायfor giving / for bestowal
दानाय:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun
Rootदान (प्रातिपदिक; ‘देय/दान’)
समिधीमहिwe kindle (you)
समिधीमहि:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-इध् (धातु: इध् ‘दीप्तौ/प्रज्वलने’)
ईळिष्वbe praised / accept (our) praise
ईळिष्व:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootईळ्/ईड् (धातु: ईळ्/ईड् ‘स्तुतौ/आह्वाने’) + सन्/आदेश?; वैदिक आज्ञार्थ
हिindeed / for
हि:
सम्बन्ध/हेतु (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (निपात)
महेin/at the great (rite)
महे:
अधिकरण
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत् (प्रातिपदिक)
वृषम्the bull / the mighty one
वृषम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootवृषन् (प्रातिपदिक: वृषन् ‘वृषभ/बलवान्’)
द्यावाHeaven (as one of the pair) / the two Heavens
द्यावा:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootद्याव्/द्यौ (प्रातिपदिक: द्यौ ‘द्युलोक/आकाश’)
होत्रायfor the Hotṛ-function / for priestly invocation
होत्राय:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun
Rootहोत्र (प्रातिपदिक; ‘होतृ-कार्य/होत्रम्’)
पृथिवीEarth
पृथिवी:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी (प्रातिपदिक)
Sāman Melody Name

Agneya Sāman (kindling chant; generic)

Vocal Structure

{ "prastava": "Short stobha prelude to ‘ignite’ the tonal center.", "udgitha": "rāye agne… samidhīmahi—main ignition line with lengthening on agne and samidhīmahi.", "pratihara": "Responsive phrase reinforcing īḍiṣva.", "upadrava": "Second hemistich dyāvā… pṛthivī sung with broader, grounding cadence.", "nidhana": "Collective close, often sustaining the final pṛthivī cadence.", "structure_notes": "Agni verses commonly place a ‘heat’ accent: slightly stronger onset and clean consonants.", "singer_assignments": "Prastotṛ sets; Udgātṛ carries ignition; Pratihartṛ answers; Udgātṛ completes; all seal." }

Sāyaṇa Commentary

{ "gloss_summary": "samidhīmahi = samyak edhayāmaḥ (by bringing fuel); hotrāya = for hotṛ-karmārthaṃ, for offering-work; dyāvāpṛthivī = witnesses and supporters of yajña.", "ritual_interpretation": "Mantra accompanies the act of fueling/kindling and frames it as pursuit of rāyaḥ and dāna.", "theological_insight": "Agni is praised as vṛṣa—potency that makes giving possible; cosmic parents (heaven/earth) uphold the rite.", "etymology_highlights": "√idh (to kindle); īḍ (to praise); vṛṣa (bull → vigor)." }

Ritual Application
Academic Analysis
Symbolic Meaning
Musical Layer
Rigveda Source
Soma Ritual Context
Rishi Connection
Devata Aspects
Chandas Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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