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Shloka 4

Virāṭa-parva Adhyāya 42 — Duryodhana’s counsel to Bhīṣma on ajñātavāsa risk and raid strategy

सूर्या यत्र च सौवर्णास्त्रियो भासन्ति दंशिता: । तेजसा प्रज्वलन्तो हि कस्यैत्‌द धनुरुत्तमम्‌

sūryā yatra ca sauvarṇās trayo bhāsanti daṃśitāḥ | tejasā prajvalanto hi kasyaitad dhanur uttamam ||

ઉત્તરાએ કહ્યું—જે ધનુષ્ય પર એકબીજાની નજીક જડેલા ત્રણ સુવર્ણ સૂર્યચિહ્નો પોતાના તેજથી જાણે પ્રજ્વલિત થઈ ઝળહળી રહ્યા છે, તે ઉત્તમ ધનુષ્ય કોનું છે?

सूर्याःsuns / sun-discs
सूर्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसूर्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
यत्रwhere
यत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सौवर्णाःgolden
सौवर्णाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसौवर्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
त्रयःthree
त्रयः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
भासन्तिshine
भासन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootभास्
FormPresent, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
दंशिताःadorned / set (with marks)
दंशिताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदंशित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तेजसाby brilliance
तेजसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतेजस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
प्रज्वलन्तःblazing
प्रज्वलन्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र-√ज्वल्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
हिindeed / for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
कस्यof whom / whose
कस्य:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
धनुःbow
धनुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधनुस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
उत्तमम्excellent / best
उत्तमम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्तम
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

उत्तर उवाच

U
Uttara
B
bow (dhanuḥ)
T
three golden sun-emblems (trayaḥ sauvarṇāḥ sūryāḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights discernment and reverence toward symbols of power: a weapon’s distinctive emblems signify lineage, mastery, and responsibility. It implicitly points to the ethical weight carried by martial excellence—such brilliance is not mere ornament, but a mark of a great warrior whose actions must align with dharma.

In the Virata Parva context, Uttara is examining weapons and notices a remarkable bow distinguished by three closely set golden sun-emblems. Struck by its radiance and uniqueness, he asks whose superb bow it is—an inquiry that foreshadows recognition of a famed warrior’s arms.