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Shloka 38

Yudhiṣṭhira’s Lament for Karṇa and Renunciation-Oriented Self-Assessment (शोक-प्रलापः / त्याग-प्रवृत्तिः)

त्यागवांश्व पुनः पापं नालंकर्तुमिति श्रुति: । त्यागवाञ्जन्ममरणे नाप्रोतीति श्रुतिर्यदा

tyāgavāṃś ca punaḥ pāpaṃ nālaṅkartum iti śrutiḥ | tyāgavāñ janma-maraṇe nāprāpnotīti śrutir yadā ||

યુધિષ્ઠિર બોલ્યો— શ્રુતિ કહે છે કે ત્યાગી પુરુષ ફરી પાપને ‘આભૂષણ’ સમાન ધારણ કરી શકતો નથી—અર્થાત્ તેને જાણબૂઝીને જીવનમાર્ગ બનાવી શકતો નથી. અને જ્યારે એ જ શ્રુતિ આગળ કહે છે કે ત્યાગી જન્મ-મરણના ચક્રમાં પડતો નથી, ત્યારે આ બંને ઉપદેશોને સાથે કેવી રીતે સમજવા?

त्यागवान्one who has renunciation; the renouncer
त्यागवान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootत्यागवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पुनःagain; further
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
पापम्sin; evil
पापम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाप
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अलङ्कर्तुम्to adorn; to take on; to assume
अलङ्कर्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootअलङ्कृ
Formतुमुन्, Infinitive, Parasmaipada/Atmanepada (root-dependent)
इतिthus (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
श्रुतिःscriptural statement; tradition; śruti
श्रुतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्रुति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
त्यागवान्the renouncer
त्यागवान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootत्यागवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जन्ममरणेin birth and death
जन्ममरणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootजन्ममरण
FormNeuter, Locative, Dual
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आप्नोतिattains; reaches; obtains
आप्नोति:
TypeVerb
Rootआप्
FormLat (Present), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
श्रुतिःśruti; scriptural statement
श्रुतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्रुति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
यदाwhen
यदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira

Educational Q&A

Renunciation is presented as ethically transformative: a true renouncer should not deliberately return to sinful conduct, and renunciation is linked—per śruti—to freedom from the bondage of repeated birth and death. The verse frames a doctrinal question about how these scriptural claims cohere.

In the Śānti Parva’s dharma-discourse setting, Yudhiṣṭhira raises a pointed inquiry about scriptural authority: he cites śruti statements on the renouncer’s relation to sin and to saṃsāra, seeking clarification on their precise meaning and implications.