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Shloka 40

राजधर्मप्रश्नः — Yudhiṣṭhira’s Inquiry into Rājadharma (Śānti-parva 56)

तस्मान्नैव मृदुर्नित्यं तीक्ष्णो नैव भवेन्नूप: । वासन्तार्क इव श्रीमान्‌ न शीतो न च घर्मद:,जैसे वसन्‍्त ऋतुका तेजस्वी सूर्य न तो अधिक ठंडक पहुँचाता है और न कड़ी धूप ही करता है, उसी प्रकार राजाको भी न तो बहुत कोमल होना चाहिये और न अधिक कठोर ही

tasmān naiva mṛdur nityaṁ tīkṣṇo naiva bhaven nṛpaḥ | vāsantārka iva śrīmān na śīto na ca gharmadaḥ ||

અતએવ, હે રાજન, શાસક ન તો સદા અતિ મૃદુ રહે, ન તો સતત કઠોર બને. વસંતઋતુનો તેજસ્વી સૂર્ય જેમ ન અતિશય ઠંડક આપે છે, ન દાહક તાપ—તેમ રાજાએ પણ સંતુલિત સ્વભાવ રાખવો: દૃઢ, પણ નિર્દય નહીં; કોમળ, પણ દુર્બળ નહીં.

तस्मात्therefore / from that reason
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतद्
Formablative (pañcamī), singular, masculine/neuter (pronominal)
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formnegation particle
एवindeed / just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
Formemphatic particle
मृदुःgentle / soft
मृदुः:
TypeAdjective
Rootमृदु
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
Formaccusative singular used adverbially
तीक्ष्णःharsh / sharp
तीक्ष्णः:
TypeAdjective
Rootतीक्ष्ण
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formnegation particle
एवindeed / just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
Formemphatic particle
भवेत्should be / may become
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
Formvidhi-liṅ (optative), parasmaipada, 3rd person, singular
नृपःking
नृपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनृप
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
वासन्तvernal / of spring
वासन्त:
TypeAdjective
Rootवासन्त
Formmasculine, nominative, singular (used as qualifier in compound)
अर्कःsun
अर्कः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअर्क
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
इवlike / as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
Formcomparative particle
श्रीमान्splendid / glorious
श्रीमान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रीमन्त्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formnegation particle
शीतःcold
शीतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootशीत
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
nor / not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formnegation particle
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formconjunction
घर्मदःheat-giving / scorching
घर्मदः:
TypeAdjective
Rootघर्मद
Formmasculine, nominative, singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
N
nṛpa (the king)
V
vāsantārka (the spring sun)