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Shloka 8

Kṛṣṇa’s Dhyāna and the Prompt to Question Bhīṣma (कृष्णध्यानं भीष्मप्रश्नप्रेरणा च)

त्वं हि कर्ता विकर्ता च क्षरं चैवाक्षरं च हि । अनादिनिधनश्चाद्यस्त्वमेव पुरुषोत्तम,पुरुषोत्तम! आप ही इस जगत्‌को बनाने और विलीन करनेवाले हैं। आप ही क्षर और अक्षर पुरुष हैं। आपका न आदि है और न अन्त। आप ही सबके आदि कारण हैं

tvaṁ hi kartā vikartā ca kṣaraṁ caivākṣaraṁ ca hi | anādinidhanaścādyas tvam eva puruṣottama puruṣottama ||

તમે જ આ જગતના કર્તા અને સંહારક છો. તમે જ ક્ષર અને અક્ષર—બન્ને તત્ત્વ છો. તમારું ન આદિ છે ન અંત; તમે જ સર્વના આદિકારણ છો—હે પુરુષોત્તમ.

त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
कर्ताdoer/creator
कर्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्तृ (कृ + तृच्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विकर्ताundoer/destroyer/transformer
विकर्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविकर्तृ (वि + कृ + तृच्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
क्षरम्the perishable (entity/principle)
क्षरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootक्षर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अक्षरम्the imperishable (entity/principle)
अक्षरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअक्षर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
हिindeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
अनादिनिधनःwithout beginning and without end
अनादिनिधनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअनादिनिधन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आद्यःthe primordial/first
आद्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootआद्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
एवalone/indeed
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
पुरुषोत्तमO best of persons (Supreme Person)
पुरुषोत्तम:
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुषोत्तम
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
पुरुषोत्तमO Purushottama
पुरुषोत्तम:
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुषोत्तम
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
P
Puruṣottama

Educational Q&A

The verse affirms a single supreme reality as both the source and the dissolution of the cosmos, encompassing the mutable (kṣara) and the immutable (akṣara). Ethically, it frames dharma as grounded in a transcendent order: human action should align with the ultimate source rather than ego or mere circumstance.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction setting after the war, Yudhiṣṭhira addresses the Supreme (Puruṣottama) in reverent praise, acknowledging divine sovereignty over creation and dissolution and seeking a stable foundation for understanding duty and peace.