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Shloka 17

Puruṣaikatva-vyākhyāna: The One Virāṭ Puruṣa and the Many ‘Puruṣas’

Rudra–Brahmā Saṃvāda

(विरुद्ध वेदसूत्राणामुक्त यदि भवेन्नूप । वयं विरुद्धवचना यदि तत्र पतामहे ।।

bhīṣma uvāca | viruddha-veda-sūtrāṇām uktaṃ yadi bhaven nṛpa | vayaṃ viruddha-vacanā yadi tatra patāmahe || tataḥ tasmin muhūrte ’tha rājoparicaras tadā | adho vai sambabhūvāśu bhūme vivara-go nṛpa rājann ||

મુનિઓએ કહ્યું—નરેશ્વર! જો તું કહેલું વેદ અને સૂત્રોના વિરોધમાં હોય તો અમારો આ શાપ સત્ય ઠરે; અને જો અમે શાસ્ત્રવિરુદ્ધ વચન કહીએ તો અમારો પતન થાય. એમ કહતાં જ તે જ ક્ષણે રાજા ઉપરિચર આકાશમાંથી નીચે ઉતરી આવ્યો અને તરત જ ધરતીના વિવરમાં પ્રવેશ કરી ગયો.

विरुद्धcontrary/opposed
विरुद्ध:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootविरुद्ध (वि+रुध्, क्त)
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
वेदसूत्राणाम्of the Vedas and Sutras
वेदसूत्राणाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवेद + सूत्र
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
उक्तम्a statement / what is said
उक्तम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउक्त (वच्, क्त)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
भवेत्may be / should be
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
नृपO king
नृप:
TypeNoun
Rootनृप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
वयम्we
वयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormNominative, Plural
विरुद्धवचनाःspeakers of contrary words
विरुद्धवचनाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविरुद्ध + वचन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
तत्रthere / in that matter
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
पतामहेmay we fall / perish
पतामहे:
TypeVerb
Rootपत्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 1st, Plural, Parasmaipada
ततःthen
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
तस्मिन्in that
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
मुहूर्तेat that moment
मुहूर्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमुहूर्त
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
अथthen/now
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उपरिचरःUparicara (proper name)
उपरिचरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउपरिचर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तदाat that time
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
अधःdownwards
अधः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअधः
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
समभवत्became / came to be
समभवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू (सम्+भू)
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
आशुquickly
आशु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआशु
भूमेःof/from the earth
भूमेः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootभूमि
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
विवरम्a hole/cavity
विवरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविवर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
गःone who went (entered)
गः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootग (गम्, क्विप्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नृपO king
नृप:
TypeNoun
Rootनृप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma (Bhīṣma)
K
King (Nṛpa/Rājan)
K
King Uparichara (Rājā Uparicara)
S
Sages (ṛṣi-s; implied by narration)
V
Vedas (Veda)
S
Sutras (Sūtra)
E
Earth (Bhūmi)
F
Fissure/cleft (Vivara)

Educational Q&A

The passage teaches that claims and judgments must be measured against established sacred authority (Veda and sūtra). Ethical confidence is shown by accepting consequences: if one is wrong against dharma, one should be ready to bear the fall; if the other is wrong, the curse rightly applies.

A challenge is framed: if the king’s statement is anti-scriptural, the sages’ curse should stand; if the sages are anti-scriptural, they should fall. Immediately after this pronouncement, King Uparichara descends from the sky and enters a cleft in the earth, signaling that the verdict has taken effect.