Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 3

Adhyātma–Adhibhūta–Adhidaivata Correspondences and the Triguṇa Lakṣaṇas (Śānti-parva 301)

भीष्म उवाच शृणु मे त्वमिदं सूक्ष्मं सांख्यानां विदितात्मनाम्‌ विहितं यतिभि: सर्वे: कपिलादिभिरी श्वरै:

bhīṣma uvāca: śṛṇu me tvam idaṁ sūkṣmaṁ sāṅkhyānāṁ viditātmanām | vihitaṁ yatibhiḥ sarvaiḥ kapilādibhir īśvaraiḥ ||

ભીષ્મે કહ્યું—યુધિષ્ઠિર! આત્મતત્ત્વને જાણનારા સાંખ્ય-મુનિઓનું આ સૂક્ષ્મ તત્ત્વ મારી પાસેથી સાંભળ. કપિલ આદિ ઈશ્વરતુલ્ય યતિઓએ તેને પ્રસ્થાપિત કર્યું છે.

भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), Third, Singular
शृणुhear
शृणु:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormImperative, Second, Singular
मेof me / my
मे:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सूक्ष्मम्subtle
सूक्ष्मम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसूक्ष्म
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सांख्यानाम्of the Sāṅkhyas / of Sāṅkhya-knowers
सांख्यानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootसांख्य
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
विदितात्मनाम्of those whose self is known / self-realized
विदितात्मनाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootविदितात्मन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
विहितम्prescribed / set forth
विहितम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-धा (धातु: धा) → विहित
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
यतिभिःby ascetics
यतिभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootयति
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सर्वैःby all
सर्वैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
कपिलादिभिःby Kapila and others
कपिलादिभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकपिल-आदि
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
ईश्वरैःby the lords / great masters
ईश्वरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootईश्वर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
K
Kapila
S
Sāṅkhya
Y
yatayaḥ (ascetics)

Educational Q&A

Bhishma introduces a subtle Sāṅkhya-based instruction grounded in ātma-jñāna (realization of the Self), emphasizing that the teaching is authoritative because it is upheld by accomplished renunciants and revered sages like Kapila.

In the Shanti Parva’s post-war instruction, Bhishma addresses Yudhishthira and begins to transmit a refined philosophical doctrine, framing it as a time-tested teaching of realized Sāṅkhya sages and eminent ascetics.