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Shloka 23

Adhyāya 283: Varṇa-vṛtti, Nyāya-ārjana, and the Decline-and-Restoration of Dharma (वर्णवृत्तिः न्यायार्जनं च)

देव्युवाच कि नाम दान॑ नियमं तपो वा कुर्यामहं येन पतिर्ममाद्य । लभेत भागं भगवानचिन्त्यो हार्ध तथा भागमथो तृतीयम्‌

devy uvāca ki nāma dānaṁ niyamaṁ tapo vā kuryām ahaṁ yena patir mamādya | labheta bhāgaṁ bhagavān acintyo hārdhaṁ tathā bhāgam atho tṛtīyam ||

દેવી બોલ્યાં—“આજે મારા પતિ—અચિંત્ય ભગવાન શંકર—યજ્ઞમાં પોતાનો યથોચિત ભાગ મેળવે, એ માટે હું કયું દાન, કયો નિયમ-વ્રત કે કયું તપ કરું? ઓછામાં ઓછો અડધો, નહીંતર તૃતીયાંશ ભાગ તો તેમને અવશ્ય મળે.”

देवीthe goddess (Parvati)
देवी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेवी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular
किम्what
किम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
नामindeed/then (emphatic particle)
नाम:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाम
दानम्gift, charity
दानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदान
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
नियमम्vow, observance, restraint
नियमम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनियम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तपःausterity, penance
तपः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
कुर्याम्should I do
कुर्याम्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 1st, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअहम्
FormNominative, Singular
येनby which (means)
येन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
पतिःhusband, lord
पतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ममof me, my
मम:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
अद्यtoday, now
अद्य:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअद्य
लभेतmight obtain, should receive
लभेत:
TypeVerb
Rootलभ्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular
भागम्share, portion
भागम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभाग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
भगवान्the blessed lord
भगवान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootभगवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अचिन्त्यःinconceivable
अचिन्त्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअचिन्त्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हार्धम्a half (half-share)
हार्धम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहार्ध
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तथाthus, likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
भागम्share, portion
भागम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभाग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अथor else/then
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
तृतीयम्a third (third share)
तृतीयम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootतृतीय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

दक्ष उवाच

D
Devī (Pārvatī/Umā)
Ś
Śaṅkara (Śiva)
Y
yajña (sacrifice)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a dharmic approach to restoring rightful honor: the speaker seeks to achieve justice through ethical means—charity, disciplined vows, and austerity—rather than coercion. It also underscores devotion and the belief that inner discipline can realign social-ritual order.

Pārvatī, distressed, asks what religious practice she should perform so that her husband Śiva (Śaṅkara), described as ‘inconceivable,’ will receive his due portion in a sacrifice—ideally half, or at least a third.