Shloka 1
Viṣṇor Māhātmya and Indriya-saṃyama (विष्णोर्माहात्म्यं तथा इन्द्रियसंयमः)
ऑपनआक्रात बछ। अं द्विसप्तत्याधिकद्विशततमो< ध्याय: यज्ञमें हिंसाकी निन्दा और अहिंसाकी प्रशंसा युधिछिर उवाच बहूनां यज्ञतपसामेकार्थानां पितामह । धर्मार्थ न सुखार्थार्थ कथं यज्ञ: समाहित:,युधिष्ठिरने पूछा--पितामह! यज्ञ और तप तो बहुत हैं और वे सब एकमात्र भगवत्प्रीतिके लिये किये जा सकते हैं; परंतु उनमेंसे जिस यज्ञका प्रयोजन केवल धर्म हो, स्वर्ग-सुख अथवा धनकी प्राप्ति न हो, उसका सम्पादन कैसे होता है?
yudhiṣṭhira uvāca | bahūnāṁ yajña-tapasām ekārthānāṁ pitāmaha | dharmārthaṁ na sukhārthārthaṁ kathaṁ yajñaḥ samāhitaḥ ||
યુધિષ્ઠિરે કહ્યું—પિતામહ! યજ્ઞ અને તપ અનેક છે, છતાં તેમનો એક જ હેતુ—ભગવત્પ્રીતિ—હોઈ શકે છે; પરંતુ જેમાં માત્ર ધર્મ જ પ્રયોજન હોય, સ્વર્ગસુખ કે ધનલાભ ન હોય, એવો યજ્ઞ યથાવિધી કેવી રીતે કરવો?
युधिछिर उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse frames an ethical inquiry: the value of sacrifice depends on intention. Yudhiṣṭhira asks how a yajña can be performed purely as dharma—without being driven by desire for pleasure (svarga-sukha) or wealth—anticipating the chapter’s broader evaluation of ritual, violence, and the praise of ahiṁsā.
In the Śānti Parva’s instruction scene, Yudhiṣṭhira addresses Bhīṣma as ‘Grandfather’ and seeks guidance. He notes that many sacrifices and austerities can share one aim (divine pleasure), and asks Bhīṣma to explain the proper way to carry out a sacrifice motivated solely by dharma rather than reward.