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Shloka 49

पापात्म-धर्मात्म-लक्षणम् तथा निर्वेदेन मोक्षमार्गः | Marks of the Sinful and the Righteous; Dispassion (Nirveda) as a Path to Liberation

परवानस्मि चेत्युक्त: प्रणयिष्यति तेन च । अत्र चाकुशले जाते स्त्रिया नास्ति व्यतिक्रम:,“मैंने विनयपूर्वक कहा--“भगवन्‌! मैं आपके अधीन हूँ। आपके पदार्पणसे मैं सनाथ हो गया।” मुझे आशा थी कि मेरे इस सदव्यवहारसे संतुष्ट होकर अतिथिदेवता मुझसे प्रेम करेंगे; परंतु यहाँ इन्द्रकी विषयलोलुपताके कारण दुःखद घटना घटित हो गयी। इसमें मेरी सत्रीका कोई अपराध नहीं

paravān asmi cety uktaḥ praṇayiṣyati tena ca | atra cākuśale jāte striyā nāsti vyatikramaḥ ||

ભીષ્મે કહ્યું—મેં વિનયપૂર્વક કહ્યું, ‘ભગવન્! હું આપના અધિન છું.’ મને આશા હતી કે આ સદ્વ્યવહારથી અતિથિદેવતા સ્નેહ કરશે; પરંતુ અહીં ઇન્દ્રની વિષયાસક્તિથી દુઃખદ ઘટના બની. આમાં સ્ત્રીનો કોઈ દોષ નથી; તેણે કોઈ મર્યાદા ભંગ કરી નથી.

परवानाdependent, under control
परवाना:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपरवश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अस्मिI am
अस्मि:
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
FormPresent, 1st, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
उक्तःhaving been said / said
उक्तः:
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रणयिष्यतिhe will show affection / will love
प्रणयिष्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootनी (धातु) उपसर्ग: प्र
FormFuture, 3rd, Singular
तेनby him / by that
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अत्रhere
अत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अकुशलेin misfortune / in an untoward event
अकुशले:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootअकुशल
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
जातेwhen (it) has arisen / occurred
जाते:
TypeVerb
Rootजन् (धातु)
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Locative, Singular
स्त्रियाby the woman / on the woman's part
स्त्रिया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootस्त्री
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अस्तिthere is
अस्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular
व्यतिक्रमःtransgression, fault
व्यतिक्रमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootव्यतिक्रम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
I
Indra
A
atithi (guest)
S
strī (the woman)

Educational Q&A

The verse emphasizes ethical discernment in assigning blame: even when misfortune arises, one should not accuse the innocent. It also highlights the ideal of atithi-dharma (reverence to guests) and warns that uncontrolled desire—even in a powerful figure like Indra—can cause harm.

The speaker recounts that he humbly submitted himself to a guest’s authority, expecting goodwill in return. Instead, an unfortunate incident occurs because of Indra’s lustful impulse, and the speaker explicitly absolves the woman of wrongdoing.