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Shloka 5

महाभूत–इन्द्रिय–मनस्–बुद्धि–अन्तरात्मा विवेकः | Discrimination of Elements, Senses, Mind, Intellect, and Inner Self

तृतीयमायुषो भागं वानप्रस्थाश्रमे वसेत्‌ । तानेवाग्नीन्‌ परिचरेद्‌ यजमानो दिवौकस:,व्यासजी बोले--बेटा! गृहस्थ पुरुष जब अपने सिरके बाल सफेद दिखायी दें, शरीरमें झुर्रियाँ पड़ जायूँ और पुत्रको भी पुत्रकी प्राप्ति हो जाय तो अपनी आयुका तीसरा भाग व्यतीत करनेके लिये वनमें जाय और वानप्रस्थ-आश्रममें रहे। वह वानप्रस्थ-आश्रममें भी उन्हीं अग्नियोंका सेवन करे, जिनकी गृहस्थाश्रममें उपासना करता था। साथ ही वह प्रतिदिन देवाराधन भी करता रहे

tṛtīyam āyuṣo bhāgaṁ vānaprasthāśrame vaset | tān evāgnīn paricared yajamāno divaukasaḥ ||

વ્યાસે કહ્યું—આયુષ્યનો ત્રીજો ભાગ વાનપ્રસ્થ આશ્રમમાં વિતાવવો જોઈએ. ત્યાં યજમાનની જેમ ગૃહસ્થાશ્રમમાં જેમની ઉપાસના કરતો હતો તે જ પવિત્ર અગ્નિઓની સેવા કરવી, અને દેવપૂજન નિત્ય કરતું રહેવું.

तृतीयम्third (portion)
तृतीयम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootतृतीय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आयुषःof life
आयुषः:
TypeNoun
Rootआयुस्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
भागम्portion, share
भागम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभाग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
वानप्रस्थ-आश्रमेin the forest-dweller stage (vānaprastha-āśrama)
वानप्रस्थ-आश्रमे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवानप्रस्थाश्रम
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
वसेत्should dwell/live
वसेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootवस्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular
तान्those
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
एवindeed, only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अग्नीन्sacred fires
अग्नीन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
परिचरेत्should attend/serve (maintain, tend)
परिचरेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि + चर्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular
यजमानःthe sacrificer (householder/ritual patron)
यजमानः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयजमान
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दिवौकसःof the gods (heaven-dwellers)
दिवौकसः:
TypeNoun
Rootदिवौकस्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
V
vānaprastha-āśrama
A
agnis (sacred fires)
D
divaukasaḥ (the gods/deities)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches āśrama-dharma: after fulfilling household duties, one should transition to vānaprastha for the third portion of life, maintaining continuity of sacred obligations—especially tending the established ritual fires and worshipping the gods—while adopting a more withdrawn, disciplined mode of living.

Vyāsa is instructing on the proper life-stages and conduct. Here he describes the move from gṛhastha (householder) to vānaprastha (forest-dweller), emphasizing that the person does not abandon dharma abruptly but carries forward the same sacred fires and daily divine worship into the forest life.