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Shloka 13

ब्राह्मणस्य पूर्वतरा वृत्तिः — The Earlier Ideal Conduct of a Brahmana

River-of-Saṃsāra Metaphor

दूष्टवा तमविकारस्थं तिष्ठन्तं निर्भयं बलिम्‌ | अधिरूवढो द्विपश्रेष्ठमित्युवाच शतक्रतु:,उन्हें निर्भय और निर्विकार होकर खड़ा देख श्रेष्ठ गजराजपर चढ़े हुए शतक्रतु इन्द्रने उनसे इस प्रकार कहा--

dṛṣṭvā tam avikārasthaṁ tiṣṭhantaṁ nirbhayaṁ balim | adhirūḍho dvipaśreṣṭham ity uvāca śatakratuḥ ||

ભીષ્મે કહ્યું—નિર્ભય અને અવિકાર ચિત્તે સ્થિર ઊભેલા બલિને જોઈ, શ્રેષ્ઠ ગજરાજ પર આરૂઢ શતક્રતુ ઇન્દ્રે તેને આ રીતે કહ્યું।

दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अविकारस्थम्standing in unchangeableness/steadfast
अविकारस्थम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअविकार-स्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तिष्ठन्तम्standing
तिष्ठन्तम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootस्था
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Accusative, Singular
निर्भयम्fearless
निर्भयम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर्भय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
बलिम्Bali (proper name)
बलिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबलि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अधिरूढःmounted (having mounted)
अधिरूढः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअधि-रुह्
Formक्त (past passive participle, used adjectivally), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
द्विपश्रेष्ठम्the best of elephants
द्विपश्रेष्ठम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्विप-श्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
शतक्रतुःŚatakratu (Indra; 'of a hundred rites')
शतक्रतुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशतक्रतु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
B
Bali
Ś
Śatakratu (Indra)
D
dvipaśreṣṭha (the best elephant; Airāvata implied)

Educational Q&A

The verse foregrounds inner steadiness as an ethical strength: Bali’s fearlessness and unperturbed mind suggest self-mastery and principled resolve, even when confronted by higher power. It implies that true dignity in dharma is shown by composure and firmness, not by outward dominance.

Bhīṣma narrates a moment where Indra (Śatakratu), riding the best of elephants, sees Bali standing fearless and unmoved, and then begins to speak to him. The verse sets the stage for a consequential dialogue between a celestial ruler and a steadfast king.