Shloka 3
मनु-उपदेशः — भूत-उत्पत्ति, इन्द्रिय-निवृत्ति, तथा पर-स्वभाव-विवेकः
Manu’s Instruction on Elemental Origination, Sense-Withdrawal, and Discrimination of the Supreme Nature
Devanagari script
भीष्म उवाच अध्यात्ममिति मां पार्थ यदेतदनुपृच्छसि । तद् व्याख्यास्यामि ते तात श्रेयस्करतमं सुखम्
Translation
ભીષ્મે કહ્યું—હે પાર્થ! તું ‘અધ્યાત્મ’ વિષે મને જે પૂછે છે, તાત, તેનું હું તને વ્યાખ્યાન કરી કહું છું; તે પરમ કલ્યાણકારી અને સુખસ્વરૂપ છે.
Word by Word
भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अध्यात्मम्the spiritual self / adhyatma
अध्यात्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअध्यात्म
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
इतिthus; as (quoted)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
माम्me
माम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormCommon, Accusative, Singular
पार्थO Partha (Arjuna)
पार्थ:
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
यत्which
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अनुपृच्छसिyou ask (further) about; you inquire
अनुपृच्छसि:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-प्रच्छ्
FormPresent, Indicative, 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तत्that (topic)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
व्याख्यास्यामिI shall explain
व्याख्यास्यामि:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-आ-ख्या
FormFuture (Simple future), 1st, Singular, Parasmaipada
तेto you
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormCommon, Dative, Singular
तातO dear one / son
तात:
TypeNoun
Rootतात
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
श्रेयस्करतमम्most beneficial
श्रेयस्करतमम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रेयस्-कर-तम (श्रेयस्कर + तम)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular, Superlative
सुखम्happiness; bliss
सुखम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसुख
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes