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Shloka 14

Adhyāya 166: Kṛtaghna-doṣa (कृतघ्नदोषः) — the fault of ingratitude and the limits of expiation

श्रुतशीले समाज्ञाय वृत्तिमस्य प्रकल्पयेत्‌ । अथीैनं परिरक्षेत पिता पुत्रमिवौरसम्‌,राजा उसके शास्त्रज्ञान और स्वभावका परिचय प्राप्त करके उसके लिये उचित आजीविकाकी व्यवस्था करे और जैसे पिता अपने औरस पुत्रकी रक्षा करता है, उसी प्रकार वह उस ब्राह्मणकी रक्षा करे

śrutaśīle samājñāya vṛttim asya prakalpayet | athainaṃ parirakṣeta pitā putram ivaurasam ||

તેનું શાસ્ત્રજ્ઞાન અને શીલ જાણી રાજાએ તેના માટે યોગ્ય જીવનવૃત્તિની વ્યવસ્થા કરવી. ત્યારબાદ પિતા જેમ પોતાના ઔરસ પુત્રનું રક્ષણ કરે તેમ તે બ્રાહ્મણનું રક્ષણ કરવું.

श्रुतशीलेin learning and conduct
श्रुतशीले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootश्रुत-शील
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
समाज्ञायhaving ascertained/known
समाज्ञाय:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-ज्ञा
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), non-finite
वृत्तिम्livelihood/means of living
वृत्तिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्ति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
अस्यof him
अस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
प्रकल्पयेत्should arrange/provide
प्रकल्पयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-कल्प्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अथthen/thereafter
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
एनम्him (this person)
एनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
परिरक्षेतshould protect
परिरक्षेत:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-रक्ष्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
पिताa father
पिता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पुत्रम्a son
पुत्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इवlike/as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
औरसम्legitimate/one's own (born of the body)
औरसम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootऔरस
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
K
king (rājā)
B
Brahmin (brāhmaṇa)
F
father
L
legitimate son (aurasa putra)

Educational Q&A

A king’s dharma includes discerning a Brahmin’s learning and character, providing him an appropriate livelihood, and protecting him with the same care a father gives his own legitimate son—linking governance to moral responsibility and support of the worthy.

In Bhishma’s instruction on rajadharma in the Shanti Parva, he lays down a rule of conduct for rulers: after evaluating a Brahmin’s qualifications (learning and conduct), the king should both maintain him materially and ensure his safety, emphasizing paternal-style guardianship.