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Shloka 22

Gratitude, Discernment, and the Escalation of Power (Śvā–Dvipī–Vyāghra–Nāga–Siṃha–Śarabha Itihāsa)

ततो दृष्टवा स शार्दूलो नाहनतू्‌ तं विशाम्पते । सतुश्चा व्याप्रतां प्राप्प बलवान्‌ पिशिताशन:

tato dṛṣṭvā sa śārdūlo nāhanat taṃ viśāṃpate | sa tu śvā vyāpratāṃ prāpya balavān piśitāśanaḥ ||

પ્રજાનાથ! ત્યારબાદ તે વાઘે તેને પોતાના સમાન રૂપમાં જોઈને મારી ન શક્યો. પરંતુ તે કૂતરો વાઘની સ્થિતિ પ્રાપ્ત કરીને બળવાન થયો અને માંસાહારી બન્યો।

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
शार्दूलःtiger
शार्दूलः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशार्दूल
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अहनत्killed/struck
अहनत्:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
Formimperfect (लङ्), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
विशाम्of the people/subjects
विशाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootविश्
Formfeminine, genitive, plural
पतेO lord
पते:
TypeNoun
Rootपति
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
तुbut, however
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
व्याप्रताम्activity, engagement (state of being active)
व्याप्रताम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootव्याप्रत
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
प्रापattained, came to
प्राप:
TypeVerb
Rootप्राप्
Formperfect (लिट्), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
बलवान्strong, powerful
बलवान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootबलवत्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
पिशिताशनःflesh-eater (carnivore)
पिशिताशनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपिशित-आशन
Formmasculine, nominative, singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
V
viśāṃpati (the king addressed)
Ś
śārdūla (tiger)
Ś
śvā (dog)

Educational Q&A

External change or newly acquired power can rapidly reshape behavior; without dharmic restraint, strength tends to drift toward violence and predation. The verse hints that true nobility lies not merely in form or power, but in self-control and ethical conduct.

A tiger sees the (formerly) dog now appearing in a tiger-like state and does not kill him. Meanwhile, the dog—having attained that powerful condition—becomes strong and begins living as a flesh-eater, adopting the predatory habits associated with the new form.