Shloka 21
Duryodhana-śibira-praveśaḥ — The Pāṇḍavas Enter the Kaurava Camp; The Burning of Arjuna’s Chariot
Devanagari script
नैष योग्योउ्द्य मित्र वा शत्रुर्वा पुरुषाधम:
Transliteration
naiṣa yogyodya mitra vā śatrur vā puruṣādhamaḥ
Translation
સંજય બોલ્યો—આ પુરુષાધમ આજે કોઈ પણ યોગ્ય કાર્ય માટે યોગ્ય નથી; ન મિત્ર તરીકે, ન શત્રુ તરીકે।
Word by Word
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
एषःthis (man)
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
योग्यःfit, suitable
योग्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootयोग्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उद्यtoday/now (as an interjection/particle)
उद्य:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउद्य
मित्रःfriend
मित्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
शत्रुःenemy
शत्रुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
पुरुषाधमःworst of men, vile man
पुरुषाधमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुषाधम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
SañjayaCharacter Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
Moral unworthiness can make a person unfit for meaningful relationship or honorable conflict; the verse frames ethical degradation as disqualifying in both friendship and enmity.
Sañjaya, narrating events to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, delivers a sharp evaluative remark about a certain man, branding him ‘puruṣādhama’ and declaring him unfit to be treated as either ally or adversary.