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Shloka 5

चर्मवर्म भ्रमोपेतां रथोडुपसमाकुलाम्‌ । जयैषिणां च सुतरां भीरूणां च सुदुस्तराम्‌

carmavarma bhramopetāṁ rathoḍupasamākulām | jayaiṣiṇāṁ ca sutarāṁ bhīrūṇāṁ ca sudustarām ||

સંજય બોલ્યો—તે રણભૂમિ ઢાલો અને કવચોની ઘૂમતી ગૂંચવણથી ભરેલી હતી અને રથોથી એવી ભરચક હતી જાણે નૌકાઓનો મેળો. વિજય ઇચ્છનારાઓ માટે તે પાર થવા જેવી હતી, પરંતુ ભીરુઓ માટે તે અત્યંત દુસ્તર હતી.

चर्मवर्मleather and armor
चर्मवर्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootचर्मन् + वर्मन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
भ्रमोपेताम्attended by confusion; full of bewilderment
भ्रमोपेताम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootभ्रम + उपेत (√इ + उप)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
रथोडुपसमाकुलाम्crowded with chariots and boats (as if)
रथोडुपसमाकुलाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootरथ + उडुप + समाकुल
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
जयैषिणाम्of those seeking victory
जयैषिणाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootजय + एषिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सुतराम्exceedingly; very much
सुतराम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसुतरम्
भीरूणाम्of the timid/cowardly
भीरूणाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभीरु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सुदुस्तराम्very hard to cross; extremely difficult
सुदुस्तराम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसु + दुस्तर
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
S
shields (carma)
A
armor (varman)
C
chariots (ratha)
B
boats (uḍupa) (simile)

Educational Q&A

The same ordeal tests people differently: resolve and a victory-oriented mind can find a way through chaos, while fear magnifies obstacles and makes the path seem nearly impassable—an ethical reminder that courage and steadiness are essential in kṣatriya duty.

Sañjaya describes the battlefield’s turmoil: shields and armor create a dizzying confusion, and the mass of chariots is likened to a fleet of boats, conveying how difficult it is to move and survive amid the press of war.