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Shloka 9

Chapter 12: Arjuna’s suppression of the Saṃśaptakas and duel with Aśvatthāmā

Drauṇi

रथा रथैरविमथिता मत्ता मन्तैद्विपा द्विपै: सादिन: सादिभिश्लैव तस्मिन्‌ परमसंकुले,धृष्टद्युम्न: कृपेणाथ तस्मिन्‌ वीरवरक्षये । शिखण्डी कृतवर्माणं समासादयदच्युतम्‌ बड़े-बड़े वीरोंका संहार करनेवाले उस संग्राममें धृष्टद्युम्न कृपाचार्यके साथ युद्ध करने लगे और शिखण्डी कभी पीछे न हटनेवाले कृतवर्मासे भिड़ गया

sañjaya uvāca | rathā rathair avimathitā mattā mantair dvipā dvipaiḥ sādinaḥ sādibhiś caiva tasmin paramasaṅkule | dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ kṛpeṇātha tasmin vīravarakṣaye | śikhaṇḍī kṛtavarmāṇaṃ samāsādayad acyutam ||

સંજય બોલ્યા—તે પરમ સંકુલ યુદ્ધમાં રથો રથો સાથે અથડાઈને ચકનાચૂર થતા હતા, મદમત્ત હાથીઓ મદમત્ત ગજરાજોને જ પાછા ઠેલતા હતા અને અશ્વારોહીઓ અશ્વારોહીઓ સાથે જ ભીડતા હતા. એ મહાવીરક્ષયની વચ્ચે ધૃષ્ટદ્યુમ્ન કૃપાચાર્ય સાથે યુદ્ધ કરવા લાગ્યો; અને અડગ શિખંડી કૃતવર્મા સામે પહોંચી ગયો.

रथाःchariots
रथाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
रथैःby/with chariots
रथैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
अविमथिताःnot shaken/undisturbed
अविमथिताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-मथ् (अविमथित = न विमथित)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मत्ताःmaddened/intoxicated
मत्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमत्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मतैःby opinions/counsels
मतैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमत
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
द्विपाःelephants
द्विपाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्विप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
द्विपैःby/with elephants
द्विपैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootद्विप
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सादिनःhorsemen
सादिनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसादिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सादिभिःby/with horsemen
सादिभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसादिन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
तस्मिन्in that (battle/scene)
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
परम-संकुलेin the extremely confused (tumultuous) (place/battle)
परम-संकुले:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम + संकुल
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
धृष्टद्युम्नःDhrishtadyumna
धृष्टद्युम्नः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधृष्टद्युम्न
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कृपेणwith Kripa
कृपेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकृप (कृपाचार्य)
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
अथthen/and
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
तस्मिन्in that
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
वीर-वर-क्षयेin the destruction of the best heroes
वीर-वर-क्षये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवीर + वर + क्षय
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
शिखण्डीShikhandi
शिखण्डी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशिखण्डिन् (शिखण्डी)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कृतवर्माणम्Kritavarman
कृतवर्माणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकृतवर्मन् (कृतवर्मा)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
समासादयत्met/engaged/attacked
समासादयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-√सद्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अच्युतम्unfailing/firm (here: steadfast)
अच्युतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअच्युत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
D
Dhrishtadyumna
K
Kripa (Kṛpācārya)
S
Shikhandi (Śikhaṇḍī)
K
Kritavarma (Kṛtavarmā)
C
chariots
E
elephants
H
horsemen

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the grim ethical tension of kṣatriya-dharma: even revered elders and famed heroes are drawn into relentless combat, and the battlefield’s chaos magnifies the cost of violence and the weight of duty-bound action.

Sanjaya describes a densely packed, chaotic battle where chariots, elephants, and cavalry collide. In this turmoil, Dhrishtadyumna fights Kripa, while Shikhandi advances to engage Kritavarma.