Shloka 22

भीष्मस्य दुर्योधनं प्रति उपालम्भः

Bhīṣma’s Reproof to Duryodhana

Devanagari script

तत्‌ तु दृष्टवा महत्‌ कर्म पुत्रस्य तव मारिष

Transliteration

tat tu dṛṣṭvā mahat karma putrasya tava māriṣa

Translation

પરંતુ, હે મારિષ! તમારા પુત્રના તે મહાન કર્મને જોઈને…

Word by Word

• तत्: that (thing/deed)
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• तु: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)

• महत्: great
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• कर्म: deed/action
• कर्म: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• पुत्रस्य: of (your) son
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• तव: your
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: Genitive, Singular

• मारिष: O venerable sir
• Type: Noun
• Root: मारिष
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by address 'tava' and 'māriṣa')
• your son (implied: Duryodhana)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The line underscores that actions in war are not merely tactical events but weighty deeds (mahat karma) with far-reaching consequences; the narrator frames the son’s act as morally and narratively significant, inviting reflection on responsibility and outcomes.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya, reporting to the blind king Dhṛtarāṣṭra, transitions by saying that he has seen a momentous act done by the king’s son and is about to describe its effects in the ongoing Kurukṣetra battle account.