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Shloka 2

Nirmaryāda-saṃgrāma-varṇana — The Unbounded Clash and Bhīṣma’s Rallying Presence

अहिंसा: सत्यमक्रोधस्त्याग:: शान्तिरपैशुनम्‌र । दयाएँ भूतेष्वलोलुप्त्व॑ मार्दव॑* हवीरचापलम्‌:

arjuna uvāca | ahiṃsā satyam akrodhas tyāgaḥ śāntir apaiśunam | dayā bhūteṣv aloluptvaṃ mārdavaṃ hrīr acāpalam ||

અર્જુને કહ્યું—અહિંસા, સત્ય, ક્રોધનો અભાવ, ત્યાગ, અંતઃશાંતિ, પરનિંદાથી વિરતિ, સર્વ પ્રાણીઓ પ્રત્યે કરુણા, વિષયસંપર્ક થાય તોય લોભ-આસક્તિ ન થવી, કોમળતા, ધર્મ અને શાસ્ત્રવિરુદ્ધ આચરણમાં લાજ, અને ચિત્તની અચંચળ સ્થિરતા—આ જ સંયમ અને સદાચારનાં લક્ષણો છે.

अहिंसाnon-violence
अहिंसा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअहिंसा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
सत्यम्truth
सत्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसत्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अक्रोधःabsence of anger
अक्रोधः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअक्रोध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्यागःrenunciation
त्यागः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootत्याग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शान्तिःpeace, tranquility
शान्तिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशान्ति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
अपैशुनम्absence of slander/backbiting
अपैशुनम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअपैशुन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
दयाcompassion
दया:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदया
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
भूतेषुamong beings
भूतेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभूत
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
अलोलुप्त्वम्non-greed, non-covetousness
अलोलुप्त्वम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअलोलुप्त्व
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
मार्दवम्gentleness, softness
मार्दवम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमार्दव
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
ह्रीःmodesty, shame (moral restraint)
ह्रीः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootह्री
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
अचापलम्steadiness; absence of fickleness/restlessness
अचापलम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअचापल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

अजुन उवाच

A
Arjuna

Educational Q&A

The verse enumerates foundational dharmic virtues—non-harm, truth, freedom from anger, renunciation, inner peace, non-slander, compassion, non-greed, gentleness, moral conscience, and steadiness—presenting an ethical profile that governs body, speech, and mind.

In the Bhīṣma Parva’s instructional context, Arjuna voices a compact catalogue of virtues, framing the moral discipline expected of a righteous person even amid the pressures surrounding the Kurukṣetra war.