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Shloka 2

Śākadvīpa–Pramāṇa–Varṇana

Measurements and Description of Śākadvīpa

घृततोय: समुद्रो5त्र दधिमण्डोदको5पर: । सुरोद: सागरश्वैव तथान्यो जलसागर:,क्षीरोद समुद्रके बाद घृतोद समुद्र है। फिर दधिमण्डोदक समुद्र है। इनके बाद सुरोद समुद्र है, फिर मीठे पानीका सागर है

ghṛtatoyaḥ samudro 'tra dadhimaṇḍodako 'paraḥ | surodāḥ sāgaraś caiva tathānyo jalasāgaraḥ ||

સંજય બોલ્યો—અહીં ઘીનું સમુદ્ર છે; બીજું દધિમંડોદક (દહીંના જલાંશ)નું સમુદ્ર છે. સુરાનું સાગર પણ છે અને એક બીજું મીઠા પાણીનું સમુદ્ર પણ છે.

घृततोयःthe ghee-water (ocean)
घृततोयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootघृततोय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
समुद्रःocean
समुद्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसमुद्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अत्रhere
अत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र
दधिमण्डोदकःthe buttermilk-water (ocean)
दधिमण्डोदकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदधिमण्डोदक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अपरःanother
अपरः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअपर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सुरोदःthe liquor/fermented-drink (ocean)
सुरोदः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसुरोद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सागरःocean
सागरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसागर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
तथाlikewise/so
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
अन्यःanother
अन्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जलसागरःthe water-ocean (freshwater sea)
जलसागरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजलसागर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
G
ghṛta-samudra (ocean of ghee)
D
dadhimaṇḍodaka-samudra (ocean of curd-whey)
S
surā-samudra (ocean of surā)
J
jala-sāgara (fresh-water sea)

Educational Q&A

The verse is primarily descriptive rather than prescriptive: it expands the epic’s sense of scale and marvel by listing extraordinary oceans. Indirectly, it reminds the listener that the human drama of dharma and war unfolds within a vast, layered cosmos—encouraging humility and perspective.

Sañjaya is describing a wondrous landscape by enumerating different ‘seas’ distinguished by their contents—ghee, the watery part of curds, surā, and fresh water—contributing to the epic’s mythic world-building in Bhīṣma Parva.