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Shloka 28

Karma-Phala Rahasya and the Ethics of Dāna (कर्मफल-रहस्यं दानधर्मश्च)

भीष्म उवाच यन्मन्त्रे भवति वृथोपयुज्यमाने यत्‌ सोमे भवति वृथाभिषूयमाणे । यच्चाग्नौ भवति वृथाभिटृ्‌यमाने तत्‌ सर्व भवति वृथाभिधीयमाने

bhīṣma uvāca | yan-mantre bhavati vṛthopayujyamāne yat some bhavati vṛthābhiṣūyamāne | yac cāgnau bhavati vṛthābhihūyamāne tat sarvaṁ bhavati vṛthābhidhīyamāne ||

ભીષ્મ બોલ્યા—યુધિષ્ઠિર! વેદમંત્રોનો વ્યર્થ (અશુદ્ધ) ઉપયોગ કરવાથી જે પાપ લાગે છે, સોમયાગને યોગ્ય રીતે ન કરી દક્ષિણાદિ ન આપવાથી નિષ્ફળ બનાવવાથી જે દોષ લાગે છે, તથા વિધિ અને મંત્ર વિના અગ્નિમાં નિરર્થક આહુતિ આપવાથી જે પાપ થાય છે—એ બધું પાપ મિથ્યા ભાષણથી પ્રાપ્ત થાય છે.

भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
यत्that which
यत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
मन्त्रेin/with a mantra
मन्त्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमन्त्र
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
भवतिarises/occurs
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
वृथाin vain, wrongly
वृथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवृथा
उपयुज्यमानेwhen being employed/used
उपयुज्यमाने:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootउप-युज्
FormPresent passive participle (शानच्), Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
यत्that which
यत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
सोमेin the Soma-sacrifice / in Soma
सोमे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसोम
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
भवतिarises/occurs
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
वृथाin vain, wrongly
वृथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवृथा
अभिषूयमाणेwhen being pressed/extracted (Soma)
अभिषूयमाणे:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-षु
FormPresent passive participle (शानच्), Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
यत्and that which
यत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अग्नौin the fire
अग्नौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
भवतिarises/occurs
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
वृथाin vain, improperly
वृथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवृथा
अभिहूयमाणेwhen being offered/invoked (as oblation)
अभिहूयमाणे:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-हु
FormPresent passive participle (शानच्), Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
सर्वम्all (of it)
सर्वम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
भवतिarises/occurs
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
वृथाin vain, falsely
वृथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवृथा
अभिधीयमानेwhen being uttered/said
अभिधीयमाने:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-धा
FormPresent passive participle (शानच्), Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
Y
Yudhishthira
V
Vedic mantras
S
Soma (Soma-sacrifice)
A
Agni (sacrificial fire)

Educational Q&A

False speech is presented as a grave ethical transgression: the text equates the sin of lying with major ritual faults—misusing Vedic mantras, ruining the Soma-sacrifice, and offering oblations without proper rite—thereby elevating satya (truthfulness) as a central pillar of dharma.

In Anushasana Parva, Bhishma instructs Yudhishthira on dharma. Here he emphasizes the moral weight of speech by comparing the consequences of lying to well-known serious ritual errors, using sacrificial imagery to impress the king with the importance of truth.