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Shloka 55

Chapter 2: Sudarśana Upākhyāna — Atithi-Dharma and the Conquest of Mṛtyu

Gṛhastha-Vrata

स तया छन्‍्द्यमानो<न्यैरीप्सितैर्नूपकन्यया । नान्यमात्मप्रदानात्‌ स तस्या वत्रे वरं द्विज:

sa tayā chandyamāno 'nyair īpsitair nūpakanyayā | nānyam ātmapradānāt sa tasyā vavre varaṃ dvijaḥ ||

રાજકન્યાએ તે અતિથિને વારંવાર વિનંતી કરી કે બીજી કોઈ ઇચ્છિત વસ્તુ માગે; પરંતુ તે દ્વિજે તેના આત્મ-પ્રદાન (પોતાના દેહદાન) સિવાય બીજો કોઈ વર માગ્યો નહીં.

सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तयाby her
तया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
छन्द्यमानःbeing entreated/solicited
छन्द्यमानः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootछन्द्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, शानच् (present passive participle)
अन्यैःby others
अन्यैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
ईप्सितैःdesired, wished-for
ईप्सितैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootईप्सित
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
नूपकन्ययाby the (ornamented) maiden / princess
नूपकन्यया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootनूपकन्या
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अन्यम्another (thing)
अन्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine/Neuter, Accusative, Singular
आत्मप्रदानात्than self-giving (offering of oneself)
आत्मप्रदानात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मप्रदान
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तस्याःof her
तस्याः:
TypeNoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
वव्रेchose/asked (as a boon)
वव्रे:
TypeVerb
Rootवृ (वरणे)
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
वरम्a boon
वरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
द्विजःthe Brahmin
द्विजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma (speaker)
D
Dvija (a Brahmana)
R
Rajakanya / Nupakanya (princess/maiden)
A
Atithi (guest, implied by context)

Educational Q&A

The verse foregrounds a moral boundary-question: hospitality and boon-giving are dharmic duties, yet a request that demands a person’s very self raises ethical concerns about propriety, restraint, and the limits of what may be asked or offered.

A princess repeatedly invites the visiting brāhmaṇa to request some other boon, but he refuses all alternatives and asks only for her ‘self-gift’—her own person—making the encounter a test of dharma, desire, and social-ethical limits.