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Shloka 52

Chapter 2: Sudarśana Upākhyāna — Atithi-Dharma and the Conquest of Mṛtyu

Gṛhastha-Vrata

आसन चैव पाद्यं च तस्मै दत्त्वा द्विजातये | प्रोवाचौघवती विप्रं केनार्थ: कि ददामि ते

āsanaṃ caiva pādyaṃ ca tasmai dattvā dvijātaye | provācaughavatī vipraṃ kenārthaḥ kiṃ dadāmi te ||

દ્વિજ બ્રાહ્મણને બેસવા માટે આસન અને પગ ધોવા માટે પાદ્ય આપી ઓઘવતીએ તે વિપ્રને કહ્યું—“વિપ્રવર! તમને કઈ વસ્તુની જરૂર છે? તમારી સેવામાં હું શું ભેટ અર્પણ કરું?”

आसनम्a seat
आसनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआसन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/also
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
पाद्यम्water for washing the feet (pādya)
पाद्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाद्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तस्मैto him
तस्मै:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
दत्त्वाhaving given
दत्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदा (ददाति)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)
द्विजातयेto the twice-born (brahmin)
द्विजातये:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootद्विजाति
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
प्रोवाचsaid/spoke
प्रोवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + वच्
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
ओघवतीOghavatī (proper name)
ओघवती:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootओघवती
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
विप्रम्the brahmin
विप्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविप्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
केनby what?/with what?
केन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
अर्थःneed/purpose
अर्थः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
किम्what?
किम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
ददामिI give
ददामि:
TypeVerb
Rootदा (ददाति)
FormPresent (लट्), 1st, Singular, Parasmaipada
तेto you
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
O
Oghavatī
V
vipra (Brahmin guest)
Ā
āsana (seat)
P
pādyam (water for washing feet)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches atithi-dharma: a guest—especially a learned Brahmin—is to be honored with respectful reception (seat and foot-water) and then asked sincerely what they need, so that one’s giving is purposeful and service-oriented rather than merely formal.

In Bhīṣma’s narration, Oghavatī receives a Brahmin guest properly by offering him a seat and water to wash his feet, and then asks him what he requires and what gift she may present.