Shloka 3

Udara-roga Nidāna: Causes, Doṣa-Types, Spleen/Liver Enlargement, and Udakodara

Devanagari script

प्राणानपानान्संदूष्य कुर्युस्तान्मांससन्धिगान् / आध्माप्य कुक्षिमुदरमष्टधा ते च भेदतः

Transliteration

prāṇānapānānsaṃdūṣya kuryustānmāṃsasandhigān / ādhmāpya kukṣimudaramaṣṭadhā te ca bhedataḥ

Translation

પ્રાણ અને અપાનને દૂષિત કરીને તે માંસ તથા સંધિ પ્રદેશમાં સ્થિત વિકારો કરે છે. કુક્ષિને ફુલાવી, ઉદરરોગો ભેદ પ્રમાણે આઠ પ્રકારના કહેવાયા છે।

Word by Word

• प्राणान्: prāṇa-vāyus
• प्राणान्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्राण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), बहुवचन

• अपानान्: apāna-vāyus
• अपानान्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अपान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), बहुवचन

• संदूष्य: having vitiated
• संदूष्य: Purvakala-kriya (Prior action/पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दूष् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (Absolutive/क्त्वा) with उपसर्ग सम्; अव्ययभाव; ‘having vitiated’

• कुर्युः: would produce, would cause
• कुर्युः: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative/विधिलिङ्), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन; परस्मैपदम्

• तान्: those
• तान्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम

• मांस-सन्धि-गान्: located in the muscular joints/interstices
• मांस-सन्धि-गान्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मांस (प्रातिपदिक) + सन्धि (प्रातिपदिक) + ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष-समासः (मांसस्य सन्धयः तान् गच्छन्ति/गताः)

• आध्माप्य: having inflated/distended
• आध्माप्य: Purvakala-kriya (Prior action/पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आध्मा (धातु/आध्मा-प्रयोगः; causative sense)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (Absolutive/क्त्वा) (आध्माप्य = आध्मापयित्वा); अव्ययभाव; ‘having distended’

• कुक्षिम्: the belly/abdomen
• कुक्षिम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुक्षि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन

• उदरम्: abdominal disorder (udara)
• उदरम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उदर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन

• अष्टधा: eightfold
• अष्टधा: Sambandha (Adverbial/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अष्टधा (अव्यय)
• Form: संख्यावाचक-क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय (adverb: in eight ways)

• ते: they (those disorders)
• ते: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• भेदतः: according to types/differences
• भेदतः: Sambandha (Adverbial/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: भेद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त-अव्यय (ablatival adverb: ‘by distinction’)

Speaker

Dhanvantari

Medical Ayurveda

Dosha: Vata

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Prana-apana dushti can lodge in tissues (mamsa, sandhi) and cause abdominal distension; udararoga is categorized into eight types for precise diagnosis.

Vedantic Theme: Name-and-form (nama-rupa) as a pragmatic tool: classification aids right action (yathartha-jnana leading to upaya).

Application: Differentiate abdominal disorders by type and locus; treat by correcting vata flow and tissue involvement rather than only suppressing symptoms.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.161.1-2 (mandagni and vayu obstruction as antecedents); Garuda Purana 1.161.4 (dosha-wise and combined afflictions with systemic signs)

FAQs

What is the importance of prāṇa and apāna in the Garuda Purana’s health teachings?

This verse links disease formation to disturbed prāṇa and apāna, indicating that balanced vital airs are essential for proper movement, elimination, and abdominal health.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

It does not narrate afterlife movement; it uses ‘vāyu’ in the physiological sense. Still, Purāṇic dharma includes maintaining the body as an instrument for righteous living.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Support vāyu balance through regular meals, adequate hydration, gentle movement, and avoiding habits that create bloating and obstruction.