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Shloka 20

शरद्वर्णनं, योगोपमा, तथा गोवर्धन-यज्ञप्रवर्तनम्

तद् वृष्टिजनितं सस्यं वयम् अन्ये च देहिनः वर्तयामोपभुञ्जानास् तर्पयामश् च देवताः

tad vṛṣṭijanitaṃ sasyaṃ vayam anye ca dehinaḥ vartayāmopabhuñjānās tarpayāmaś ca devatāḥ

De cette pluie naît le grain ; en le consommant, nous et tous les êtres incarnés subsistons, et par lui nous rassasions aussi les dieux.

तत्that
तत्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying सस्यम्)
वृष्टि-जनितम्produced by rain
वृष्टि-जनितम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootवृष्टि (प्रातिपदिक) + जनित (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; तृतीया/षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषार्थ (वृष्ट्या/वृष्टेः जनितम् = produced by rain); विशेषण (qualifying सस्यम्)
सस्यम्crop, grain
सस्यम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootसस्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन
वयम्we
वयम्:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन
अन्येothers
अन्ये:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन; वयम्-समुच्चित (others)
and
:
Samuccaya (Connector/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
देहिनःembodied beings
देहिनः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootदेहिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन; विशेष्य (living beings)
वर्तयामःwe sustain, we maintain (our life)
वर्तयामः:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवृत् (धातु; causative/णिच्: वर्तय)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), उत्तम-पुरुष (1st), बहुवचन; परस्मैपद; णिच्-प्रयोग (cause to continue/maintain)
उपभुञ्जानाःenjoying, consuming
उपभुञ्जानाः:
Kriya-viseshana (Adverbial participle/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootउप + भुज् (धातु) + शानच् (कृदन्त)
Formशानच्-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमान-कृदन्त (present middle participle); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; आत्मनेपद-भाव; वयम्-विशेषण (while enjoying/consuming)
तर्पयामःwe satisfy
तर्पयामः:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootतृप् (धातु; causative/णिच्: तर्पय)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), उत्तम-पुरुष (1st), बहुवचन; परस्मैपद; णिच्-प्रयोग (to satisfy)
and
:
Samuccaya (Connector/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
देवताःthe deities
देवताः:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootदेवता (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन

Sage Parāśara (teaching Maitreya in the main dialogue frame of the Vishnu Purana)

D
Devatāḥ (gods)
D
Dehinaḥ (embodied beings)

FAQs

This verse presents rain as the origin of food and food as the support of embodied life, showing a sacred chain of dependence that keeps the world functioning in harmony.

Parāśara describes humans and other beings living on rain-born crops and, through that sustenance, reciprocally “nourishing” the devas—an image of mutual maintenance within dharma.

Even when not named in the verse, the Vishnu Purana frames such cosmic reciprocity as operating under the Supreme Lord’s sovereignty—Vishnu as the sustaining Reality behind the order that feeds beings and empowers the gods.