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Shloka 7

दधिमुख

विज्ञापनम् / Dadhimukha Reports the Madhuvana Incident

इमे हि संरब्धतरास्तथा तैस्सम्प्रधर्षिताः।वारयन्तो वनात्तस्मात्क्रुद्धैर्वानरपुङ्गवैः।।।।

ime hi saṅrabdhatarās tathā tais sampradharṣitāḥ | vārayanto vanāt tasmāt kruddhair vānarapuṅgavaiḥ ||

Lorsque les gardes voulurent les arrêter et les chasser de ce bosquet, les chefs des vānaras—plus encore enflammés de colère et se sentant outragés—réagirent avec fureur et malmenèrent les gardes.

imethese
ime:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1), Plural; 'these (guards)'
hiindeed/for
hi:
Hetu-nipāta (हेतुनिपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात)
saṃrabdhatarāḥmore enraged
saṃrabdhatarāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootsaṃrabdha + tara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative Plural; comparative (तर) of saṃrabdha 'enraged'; 'more enraged'
tathāthus
tathā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषणम्)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
FormAdverb 'thus/in that manner'
taiḥby them
taiḥ:
Kartṛ-karaṇa (कर्तृकरणम्)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental (3), Plural; agent: 'by them' (monkey leaders)
sampradharṣitāḥill-treated
sampradharṣitāḥ:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa / Bhāva (भावे)
TypeVerb
Rootsam-pra-√dhṛṣ (धातु)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine Nominative Plural; 'thoroughly harassed/ill-treated'
vārayantaḥrestraining
vārayantaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता) (participial)
TypeVerb
Root√vṛ (धातु)
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine Nominative Plural; 'restraining/trying to stop'
vanātfrom the grove
vanāt:
Apādāna (अपादानम्)
TypeNoun
Rootvana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Ablative (पञ्चमी/5), Singular; 'from the grove'
tasmātfrom that
tasmāt:
Apādāna (अपादानम्)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter/Masculine, Ablative (5), Singular; refers to vana: 'from that'
kruddhaiḥby angry
kruddhaiḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootkruddha (प्रातिपदिक; PPP of √krudh)
FormMasculine, Instrumental (3), Plural; modifies vānarapuṅgavaiḥ
vānarapuṅgavaiḥby monkey leaders
vānarapuṅgavaiḥ:
Kartṛ-karaṇa (कर्तृकरणम्)
TypeNoun
Rootvānara + puṅgava (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental (3), Plural; tatpuruṣa: 'leaders among monkeys'; agent of sampradharṣitāḥ

"When the guards asked the vanaras to leave the garden the enraged vanaras misbehaved with them.

V
Vānaras
M
Madhuvana (the grove/garden)
G
guards (rakṣaḥ/ārakṣakāḥ, implied)

FAQs

Dharma includes restraint and respect for boundaries; anger and a sense of insult can lead to adharma when one responds by harming those performing their duty (the guards).

In Madhuvana, guards attempt to stop the Vānara party from continuing; the Vānara leaders, provoked, retaliate aggressively.

By contrast (through the negative example), the virtue emphasized is self-control (dama) and honoring rightful authority and property.