Shloka 152

सुन्दरकाण्डे अष्टपञ्चाशः सर्गः

हनुमद्वृत्तान्तकथनम्, सीताभिज्ञान-प्रदानम्, लङ्कादाह-वर्णनम्

Devanagari script

ततस्ते राक्षसाश्शूरा बद्धं मामग्निसंवृतम्।।।।अघोषयन्राजमार्गे नगरद्वारमागताः।

Transliteration

tatas te rākṣasāḥ śūrā baddhaṃ mām agni-saṃvṛtam |

aghoṣayan rāja-mārge nagara-dvāram āgatāḥ ||

Translation

Alors les courageux rākṣasas, me gardant lié et entouré de flammes, me firent parader le long de la voie royale, le proclamant bruyamment alors qu'ils atteignaient la porte de la ville.

Word by Word

• tataḥ: then
• tataḥ: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatas (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb): अनन्तरार्थे (then)

• te: those (they)
• te: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• rākṣasāḥ: demons
• rākṣasāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rākṣasa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• śūrāḥ: brave
• śūrāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śūra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘राक्षसाः’ इति विशेषणम्

• baddham: bound
• baddham: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: baddha (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP) ‘bandh’ धातोः; पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘mām’ इति विशेषणम्

• mām: me
• mām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया (2nd/accusative), एकवचन

• agni-saṃvṛtam: surrounded by fire
• agni-saṃvṛtam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: agni + saṃvṛta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास: अग्निना संवृतम् (enveloped by fire); क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP) ‘saṃ-vṛ’ धातोः; पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘mām’ इति विशेषणम्

• aghoṣayan: proclaimed/announced loudly
• aghoṣayan: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ghuṣ (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (imperfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; ‘ते राक्षसाः’ कर्ता

• rājamārge: on the royal street
• rājamārge: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāja-mārga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास: राज्ञः मार्गः (royal road); पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/locative), एकवचन

• nagaradvāram: to the city gate
• nagaradvāram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nagara-dvāra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास: नगरस्य द्वारम् (city-gate); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• āgatāḥ: came/arrived
• āgatāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-gam (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP used adjectivally as past participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘ते राक्षसाः’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम् (having come)

Context

"The brave demons took me round the city through the royal streets and announced loudly to let every one know that I am bound and that my tail has been set on fire.

Characters & Entities

• Hanuman
• Rākṣasas
• Lanka (implied city context)
• Royal road

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is maintaining purpose amid dishonor: public humiliation is used as a weapon, yet the righteous agent does not abandon duty.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanuman is marched through the main streets of Lanka, bound and with his tail burning, as the rākṣasas announce his punishment.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Ātma-saṃyama (self-mastery): Hanuman does not panic, preserving clarity to act at the right moment.