Shloka 10

सुन्दरकाण्डे अष्टपञ्चाशः सर्गः

हनुमद्वृत्तान्तकथनम्, सीताभिज्ञान-प्रदानम्, लङ्कादाह-वर्णनम्

Devanagari script

प्रहतं च मया तस्य लाङ्गूलेन महागिरेः।।।।शिखरं सूर्यसङ्काशं व्यशीर्यत सहस्रधा।

Transliteration

prahataṃ ca mayā tasya lāṅgūlena mahāgireḥ |

śikharaṃ sūryasaṅkāśaṃ vyaśīryata sahasradhā ||

Translation

Frappé par moi de ma queue, le sommet de cette grande montagne, éclatant comme le soleil, se brisa en mille fragments.

Word by Word

• prahataṃ: struck, hit
• prahataṃ: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pra-√han (धातु) > prahata (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कृदन्त (past passive participle/क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (N/Acc sg neut); agrees with शिखरम्

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• mayā: by me
• mayā: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, उत्तमपुरुष, तृतीया विभक्ति, एकवचन (Instr sg)

• tasya: of that (mountain)
• tasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, षष्ठी विभक्ति, एकवचन (Gen sg)

• lāṅgūlena: with (my) tail
• lāṅgūlena: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: lāṅgūla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति, एकवचन (Instr sg)

• mahāgireḥ: of the great mountain
• mahāgireḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahā-giri (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी विभक्ति, एकवचन (Gen sg); समास: महा + गिरि (विशेषण-विशेष्य)

• śikharaṃ: the peak
• śikharaṃ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śikhara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन (Nom/Acc sg)

• sūrya-saṅkāśaṃ: sun-bright, like the sun
• sūrya-saṅkāśaṃ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sūrya + saṅkāśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (Nom/Acc sg neut); समास: सूर्यस्य सङ्काशः (genitive tatpuruṣa) = sun-like; agrees with शिखरम्

• vyaśīryata: was shattered, broke apart
• vyaśīryata: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vi-√śṝ (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (imperfect/past), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद (middle) प्रयोगः

• sahasradhā: into a thousand pieces/ways
• sahasradhā: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sahasra + dhā (अव्यय-निर्माण)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb); अव्ययीभाव: सहस्रं धा = into a thousand ways/pieces

Context

"Hit by my tail the great mountain peak, which was radiating like the Sun was shattered into a thousand pieces.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Lāṅgūla (tail)
• Sūrya (Sun)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Power must serve dharma: extraordinary strength is meaningful when directed toward a righteous mission rather than personal pride.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanumān recounts a feat from his journey, describing how a mountain peak was smashed by the force of his tail.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Might in service: physical power (bala) aligned with a larger duty to Rāma’s cause.