Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 55, Shloka 20

लङ्कादाहानन्तरचिन्ता

Hanuman’s Post-Conflagration Self-Examination and Assurance of Sita’s Safety

Devanagari script

तदहं भाग्यरहितो लुप्तधर्मार्थसङ्ग्रहः।।।।रोषदोषपरीतात्मा व्यक्तं लोकविनाशनः।

Transliteration

tad ahaṁ bhāgya-rahito lupta-dharmārtha-saṅgrahaḥ | roṣa-doṣa-parītātmā vyaktaṁ loka-vināśanaḥ ||

Translation

Alors moi—privé de bonne fortune, ayant manqué de rassembler dharma et artha—l’esprit submergé par la faute de la colère, je suis manifestement une cause de la perdition du monde.

Word by Word

• tat: then/therefore
• tat: Avyaya (अव्यय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (particle/discourse marker)

• aham: I
• aham: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तम-पुरुष सर्वनाम, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• bhāgya-rahitaḥ: devoid of fortune
• bhāgya-rahitaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bhāgya + rahita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (aham); तत्पुरुषः (bhāgyena rahitaḥ)

• lupta-dharma-artha-saṅgrahaḥ: one whose securing of dharma and artha is lost
• lupta-dharma-artha-saṅgrahaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: lupta (√lup + ta, क्त) + dharma + artha + saṅgraha (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (aham); बहुपद-तत्पुरुषः (dharma-artha-saṅgrahaḥ luptaḥ yasya)

• roṣa-doṣa-parīta-ātmā: whose mind is overcome by anger and fault
• roṣa-doṣa-parīta-ātmā: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: roṣa + doṣa + parīta (√pari-√i + ta, क्त) + ātman (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (aham); तत्पुरुषः (roṣa-doṣaiḥ parītaḥ ātmā yasya)

• vyaktam: clearly/evidently
• vyaktam: Avyaya (अव्यय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vyakta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb)

• loka-vināśanaḥ: destroyer of the world
• loka-vināśanaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: loka + vināśana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (lokasya vināśanaḥ)

Context

'I have failed in seeking dharma and artha. It is evident is that I am a destroyer of the world because I was overtaken by anger. How unfortunate I am!'

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Dharma
• Artha

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Anger (roṣa) is a moral hazard: when it eclipses judgment, it destroys dharma-oriented action and can harm the wider world. Dharma demands inner governance.

What is the narrative situation?

Still fearing that Sītā may have been harmed, Hanumān condemns his own anger-driven conduct as a catastrophic failure of duty.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Integrity in self-evaluation—Hanumān measures himself against dharma rather than excusing himself through success or strength.