Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 39, Shloka 52

अभिज्ञानमणि

प्रदानम् — The Signet Jewel as Proof and the Consolation of Sita

Devanagari script

मा रुदो देवि शोकेन माभूत्ते मनसोऽप्रियम्।शचीव पत्या शक्रेण भर्त्रा नाथवती ह्यसि।।।।

Transliteration

mā rudo devi śokena mā bhūt te manaso ’priyam | śacīva patyā śakreṇa bhartrā nāthavatī hy asi ||

Translation

Ne pleure pas, ô devī, dans la douleur; qu’aucune pensée amère ne s’empare de ton cœur. Ton époux te protège, comme Śacī est gardée par son seigneur Śakra (Indra).

Word by Word

• मा: do not
• मा: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: mā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेधार्थक (prohibitive particle used with imperative/optative)

• रुदः: cry
• रुदः: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √rud (धातु)
• Form: Loṭ (लोट् = Imperative), Madhyama-puruṣa, Singular, Parasmaipada

• देवि: O lady
• देवि: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: devī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular

• शोकेन: with/through sorrow
• शोकेन: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śoka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular; हेतु/करण (cause/means)

• मा: let not
• मा: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: mā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेधार्थक (prohibitive)

• अभूत्: be/arise
• अभूत्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √bhū (धातु)
• Form: Luṅ (लुङ् = Aorist), Prathama-puruṣa, Singular, Parasmaipada; used with mā = prohibitive aorist

• ते: your/of you
• ते: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Genitive (6th/षष्ठी) or Dative (4th/चतुर्थी), Singular; here Genitive: 'of you/your'

• मनसः: of (your) mind
• मनसः: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: manas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular; 'of the mind'

• अप्रियम्: unpleasant thing/thought
• अप्रियम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: apriya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; subject of अभूत्

• शची: Sachi
• शची: Upamāna (उपमान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śacī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; upamāna (standard of comparison)

• इव: like
• इव: Upamāna-marker (उपमा)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; उपमा-वाचक

• पत्या: with a husband
• पत्या: Sahakāraka (सह)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular; सह/सम्बन्ध (with a husband)

• शक्रेण: (namely) Indra
• शक्रेण: Sahakāraka (सह)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śakra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular; apposition to पत्या

• भर्त्रा: with a husband
• भर्त्रा: Sahakāraka (सह)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhartṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular; सह/सम्बन्ध

• नाथवती: having a protector/husband
• नाथवती: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: nātha-vat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; predicate adjective of त्वम् (implicit)

• हि: indeed/for
• हि: Nipāta (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; हेत्वर्थक/निश्चयार्थक-निपात (indeed/for)

• असि: you are
• असि: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √as (धातु)
• Form: Laṭ (लट्), Madhyama-puruṣa, Singular, Parasmaipada

Context

"O devi! weep no more.Entertain no unpleasant thoughts.You have a great husband, just as Sachi has her lord Indra.

Characters & Entities

• Sītā
• Rāma
• Śacī
• Śakra (Indra)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is emotional steadiness anchored in truth: Hanumān urges Sītā to resist despair and to trust in rightful protection and justice.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanumān comforts Sītā in captivity, discouraging hopelessness and reinforcing confidence in Rāma’s safeguarding power.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Hanumān’s compassion and wise counsel; Rāma’s protective responsibility as husband.