Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 39, Shloka 12

अभिज्ञानमणि

प्रदानम् — The Signet Jewel as Proof and the Consolation of Sita

Devanagari script

मत्सन्देशयुता वाचस्त्वत्तश्श्रुत्वा च राघवः।पराक्रमविधिं वीरो विधिवत्संविधास्यति।।5.39.12।।

Transliteration

mat-sandeśa-yutā vācaḥ tvattaḥ śrutvā ca rāghavaḥ | parākrama-vidhiṃ vīro vidhivat saṃvidhāsyati ||

Translation

Après avoir entendu de toi des paroles porteuses de mon message, le héros Rāghava mettra dûment en œuvre la voie de l’action vaillante.

Word by Word

• nityam: always
• nityam: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: nitya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (adverbial accusative: 'always')

• utsāha-yuktāḥ: endowed with enthusiasm
• utsāha-yuktāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: utsāha + yukta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (उत्साहेन युक्ताः); पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative, 1st), बहुवचन (plural)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• vācaḥ: of (your) words
• vācaḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vāc (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive, 6th), एकवचन (singular)

• śrutvā: having heard
• śrutvā: Pūrvakāla (पूर्वकाल/absolutive)
• Type: Verb
• Root: śru (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund), 'having heard'

• tvayā: by you
• tvayā: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (pronoun), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental, 3rd), एकवचन (singular)

• īritāḥ: uttered / spoken
• īritāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: īr (धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past passive participle, क्त), पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative, 1st), बहुवचन (plural)

• vardhiṣyate: will increase
• vardhiṣyate: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vṛdh (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (Simple Future), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (singular), आत्मनेपद (ātmanepada)

• dāśaratheḥ: of the son of Daśaratha (Rama)
• dāśaratheḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dāśarathi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive, 6th), एकवचन (singular)

• pauruṣam: valour, manliness
• pauruṣam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pauruṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative, 1st), एकवचन (singular)

• mat-avāptaye: for obtaining me
• mat-avāptaye: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mad (प्रातिपदिक, asmad) + avāpti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (मम अवाप्तिः); स्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), चतुर्थी-विभक्ति (Dative, 4th), एकवचन (singular)

Characters & Entities

• Sītā
• Hanumān
• Rāma (Rāghava)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is righteous action performed in proper order (vidhivat): even heroic power should be guided by discipline, legitimacy, and right means.

What is the narrative situation?

Sītā expresses confidence that Rāma, once informed through Hanumān, will organize a lawful and effective rescue effort.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s disciplined valor—heroism joined to proper conduct rather than impulsive force.