Shloka 18

सम्पातिवृत्तान्तः

Sampāti’s Account and the Sage Niśākara

Devanagari script

सौम्य वैकल्यतां दृष्ट्वा रोम्णां ते नावगम्यते।अग्निदग्धाविमौ पक्षौ व्रणाश्चापि शरीरके।।4.60.18।।

Transliteration

saumya vaikalyatāṃ dṛṣṭvā romṇāṃ te nāvagamyate | agni-dagdhāv imau pakṣau vraṇāś cāpi śarīrake || 4.60.18 ||

Translation

Ô doux être, voyant la perte de tes plumes, il est évident que tes deux ailes ont été brûlées par le feu et que tu portes des blessures.

Word by Word

• सौम्य: O gentle one
• सौम्य: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: saumya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/सम्बोधन), एकवचन

• वैकल्यताम्: defect/absence
• वैकल्यताम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vaikalya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• दृष्ट्वा: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √dṛś (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त्वा, absolutive)

• रोम्णाम्: of the feathers/hair
• रोम्णाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: roman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/सम्बन्ध), बहुवचन

• ते: your
• ते: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, षष्ठी (6th/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय, निषेध (negation particle)

• अवगम्यते: is understood/known
• अवगम्यते: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ava + √gam (धातु)
• Form: लट् (present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन, आत्मनेपद; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive sense)

• अग्निदग्धौ: burnt by fire (both)
• अग्निदग्धौ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: agni-dagdha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (अग्निना दग्धौ), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता), द्विवचन; पक्षौ इति विशेष्य

• इमौ: these two
• इमौ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता), द्विवचन

• पक्षौ: wings
• पक्षौ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pakṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता), द्विवचन

• व्रणाः: wounds
• व्रणाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vraṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता), बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चय (conjunction)

• अपि: also
• अपि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय, निपात (also/even)

• शरीरके: on the body
• शरीरके: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śarīraka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/अधिकरण), एकवचन

Context

'You are the king among vultures equal to wind in speed.I had seen both the brothers earlier and both of you could change your form at will.

Characters & Entities

• Niśākara
• Sampāti
• Agni (fire)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes compassionate attention: the sage observes suffering accurately and speaks truthfully, a first step toward appropriate help or counsel.

What is the narrative situation?

Niśākara notices Sampāti’s damaged condition—burnt wings and wounds—and addresses him gently.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Empathy joined with discernment—the sage diagnoses the situation without harshness.