Shloka 20

हनूमद्

दूत्यम् / Hanuman’s Mediation and Lakshmana’s Appeal to Sugriva

Devanagari script

सर्वलोकस्य धर्मात्मा शरण्यश्शरणं पुरा।गुरुर्मे राघवस्सोऽयं सुग्रीवं शरणं गतः।।

Transliteration

sarvalokasya dharmātmā śaraṇyaḥ śaraṇaṃ purā |

gurur me rāghavas so 'yaṃ sugrīvaṃ śaraṇaṃ gataḥ ||

Translation

Ce Rāghava—à l’âme droite, jadis refuge de tous les mondes et digne de ma vénération—est venu maintenant auprès de Sugriva pour y chercher protection.

Word by Word

• सर्वलोकस्य: of the whole world
• सर्वलोकस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व + लोक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे षष्ठी-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (Genitive singular, masculine)

• धर्मात्मा: righteous-souled (one)
• धर्मात्मा: कर्ता (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म + आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (Nominative singular, masculine)

• शरण्यः: protector; one who gives refuge
• शरण्यः: कर्ता (Subject, apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शरण्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (Nominative singular, masculine)

• शरणम्: refuge; protection
• शरणम्: कर्म (Object/complement)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शरण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे द्वितीया-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (Accusative singular, neuter)

• पुरा: formerly; earlier
• पुरा: अधिकरण (Temporal)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुरा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्ययम् (temporal adverb)

• गुरुः: teacher; venerable one
• गुरुः: कर्ता (Subject, apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुरु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (Nominative singular, masculine)

• मे: my; to me (of me)
• मे: सम्बन्ध (Possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (Genitive singular, pronoun)

• राघवः: Rāghava (Rama)
• राघवः: कर्ता (Subject, apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राघव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (Nominative singular, masculine)

• सः: he
• सः: कर्ता (Subject, demonstrative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (Nominative singular, pronoun)

• अयम्: this (person)
• अयम्: कर्ता (Subject, deictic)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (Nominative singular, pronoun)

• सुग्रीवम्: Sugrīva
• सुग्रीवम्: कर्म (Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुग्रीव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे द्वितीया-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (Accusative singular, masculine)

• शरणम्: refuge; protection
• शरणम्: कर्म (Object/complement)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शरण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे द्वितीया-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (Accusative singular, neuter)

• गतः: has gone (to); has sought (refuge)
• गतः: क्रिया (Predicate: has gone/has sought)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त-प्रत्यय)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्तः भूतकर्मणि/भूतकालिकः कृदन्तः; पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-विभक्तिः एकवचनम् (Past participle ‘gone/approached’, nominative singular masculine)

Context

'This righteous Rama who used to lend in the past protection to the whole world and, indeed, a refuge to all, venerable sir, now seeks Sugriva's shelter.

Characters & Entities

• Rama (Raghava)
• Sugriva
• Hanuman

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes honoring those who seek refuge: even a former protector may become a supplicant; offering protection remains a righteous obligation.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanuman introduces Rama to Sugriva, stressing Rama’s righteousness and past role as protector while noting his present need for shelter.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rama’s dharmic character and humility; Hanuman’s reverence and truthful advocacy.