Previous Verse
Next Verse

Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 42, Shloka 7

द्विचत्वारिंशः सर्गः — दशरथस्य शोक-विलापः तथा कौशल्यागृह-प्रवेशः

Dasaratha’s Lament and Return to Kausalya’s Apartments

ये च त्वामनुजीवन्ति नाहं तेषां न ते मम।केवलार्थपरां हि त्वां त्यक्तधर्मां त्यजाम्यहम्।।।।

ye ca tvām anujīvanti nāhaṃ teṣāṃ na te mama | kevalārthaparāṃ hi tvāṃ tyaktadharmāṃ tyajāmy aham ||

Et ceux qui vivent dans ta dépendance—je ne suis ni à eux, ni eux à moi. Puisque tu ne poursuis que ton intérêt et que tu as délaissé le dharma, je t’abandonne.

yethose who
ye:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; सम्बन्धवाचक-सर्वनाम (relative pronoun)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)
tvāmyou
tvām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottvad (युष्मद्-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/सर्वनाम, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
anujīvantilive depending on (subsist on)
anujīvanti:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootanu√jīv (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन
nanot
na:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय (negation particle)
ahamI
aham:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (अस्मद्-प्रातिपदिक)
Formउत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
teṣāmof them
teṣām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन
nanot
na:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय (negation particle)
tethey
te:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन
mamamine / of me
mama:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (अस्मद्-प्रातिपदिक)
Formउत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन
kevala-artha-parāmdevoted only to self-interest
kevala-artha-parām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootkevala (प्रातिपदिक) + artha (प्रातिपदिक) + parā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; विशेषण; समासः—तत्पुरुष (केवलः अर्थः यस्याः/यत्र सा) ‘devoted to mere self-interest’
hiindeed / for
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
Formनिपात-अव्यय (emphatic/causal particle)
tvāmyou
tvām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottvad (युष्मद्-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
tyakta-dharmāmhaving abandoned righteousness
tyakta-dharmām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Roottyakta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √tyaj क्त) + dharma (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; विशेषण; समासः—तत्पुरुष (त्यक्तः धर्मः यस्याः सा)
tyajāmiI abandon
tyajāmi:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√tyaj (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), परस्मैपद, उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन
ahamI
aham:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (अस्मद्-प्रातिपदिक)
Formउत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

In the middle of the night which, for him, felt like the night of death Dasaratha said to Kausalya thus:

D
Daśaratha
K
Kaikeyī

FAQs

Dharma is presented as the basis of legitimate social bonds. When one is ‘tyakta-dharma’ (one who has abandoned righteousness) and driven by ‘kevala-artha’ (mere self-interest), relationships and loyalties become ethically void.

Daśaratha escalates his repudiation: he rejects not only Kaikeyī but also the circle sustained by her influence, declaring severance due to her perceived adharma.

Commitment to dharma as a non-negotiable standard—though expressed through a harsh, grief-charged verdict.