Shloka 20

Devanagari script

स ऋक्षरजसः पुत्रः पम्पामटति शङ्कितः।।.।।भास्करस्यौरसः पुत्रो वालिना कृतकिल्बिषः।

Transliteration

sa ṛkṣarajasaḥ putraḥ pampām aṭati śaṅkitaḥ | bhāskarasyaurasaḥ putro vālinā kṛtakilbiṣaḥ ||

Translation

Il est le fils de Ṛkṣarajas, le fils légitime du Soleil ; et, à cause du conflit avec Vāli, il erre près du lac Pampā, prudent et inquiet.

Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• ऋक्षरजसः: of Riksharajas
• ऋक्षरजसः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋक्षरजस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• पुत्रः: son
• पुत्रः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• पम्पाम्: (to/around) Pampa
• पम्पाम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पम्पा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; देश/गमन-लक्ष्ये

• अटति: roams
• अटति: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अट् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• शङ्कितः: apprehensive
• शङ्कितः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शङ्क् (धातु) → शङ्कित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past participle, active sense), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘afraid/suspicious’

• भास्करस्य: of the Sun (Bhaskara)
• भास्करस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भास्कर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• औरसः: legitimate (born of the body)
• औरसः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: औरस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (पुत्रः) ‘legitimate’

• पुत्रः: son
• पुत्रः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; पुनरुक्त-उपपद (apposition)

• वालिना: by Vali
• वालिना: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वालिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• कृतकिल्बिषः: having committed a fault
• कृतकिल्बिषः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृत + किल्बिष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (कृतं किल्बिषं येन = having committed an offense)

Context

Born of Riksharaja, he is the offspring of the Sun-god. He has developed enmity with Vali, and is roaming about the banks of Pampa, suspecting danger from Vali.

Characters & Entities

• Sugrīva
• Bhāskara (Sūrya)
• Vāli
• Pampā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Understanding context before judgment: Dharma requires recognizing another’s peril and history before forming alliances or opinions.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma is briefed on Sugrīva’s lineage and his fearful wandering due to hostility from Vāli.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Prudence: awareness of threats and acting cautiously in dangerous circumstances.